{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T13:50:10Z","timestamp":1782568210955,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672790400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Though there is no definite agreement on diagnostic criteria or definition of chronic ectopic pregnancy (CEP), it could be deemed to be a variant of pregnancy of unknown location with non-specific clinical signs and symptoms. This was a case of a para 2+2\u2009who presented with lower abdominal pain and bleeding per vaginum, and initial ultrasound was suggestive of a tubo-ovarian abscess\/mass. With a further MRI scan and a diagnostic laparoscopy, she was found to have a CEP and had a laparoscopic salpingectomy for management. The diagnosis of CEP could be quite challenging as a result of the protracted symptoms, often negative\/low serum B-HCG and ultrasound features mimicking a pelvic mass. A high index of suspicion is needed, and an MRI scan and diagnostic laparoscopy often aid in diagnosis and management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2022-253396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T11:01:01Z","timestamp":1672830061000},"page":"e253396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Chronic ectopic pregnancy presenting as a suspected tubo-ovarian abscess: a diagnostic dilemma"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1300-6535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abayomi Ibukun","family":"Alao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaydip","family":"Dasgupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bivas","family":"Biswas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082710025319000_16.1.e253396.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"CMRH.S13110","DOI":"10.4137\/CMRH.S13110","article-title":"A rare case of chronic ectopic pregnancy presenting as large hematosalpinx","volume":"8","author":"Nacharaju","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights Reprod Health"},{"key":"2025082710025319000_16.1.e253396.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.15406\/mojwh.2021.10.00279","article-title":"A case report and a literature review: a challenging case of chronic tubal ectopic pregnancy","volume":"10","author":"Al Kindi","year":"2021","journal-title":"MOJ Women's Health"},{"key":"2025082710025319000_16.1.e253396.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-019-05240-7","article-title":"Chronic ectopic pregnancy: case report and systematic review of the literature","volume":"300","author":"Tempfer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"2025082710025319000_16.1.e253396.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2014-205715"},{"key":"2025082710025319000_16.1.e253396.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crwh.2018.e00086","article-title":"The diagnostic conundrum of chronic ectopic pregnancy: a case report","volume":"20","author":"O'Neill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Case Rep Womens Health"},{"key":"2025082710025319000_16.1.e253396.6","unstructured":"NICE . Ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage: diagnosis and initial management. 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