{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:05:37Z","timestamp":1756339537590,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GIN) is a type of tubulointerstitial nephritis characterised by tubulointerstitial infiltration of mononuclear cells and eosinophils. It accounts for about 6% of all tubulointerstitial nephritis and is detected in \u223c0.5%\u20130.9% of all renal biopsies. GIN has been linked to several antibiotics, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and granulomatous disorders like tuberculosis and sarcoidosis but is rarely reported with anti-epileptic medications like phenytoin and levetiracetam. We present a case report of a man in his early 20\u2019s with previously normal renal function who developed GIN following levetiracetam and phenytoin consumption for 7 years. After withdrawal of the causative drug and starting steroid therapy, his kidney function gradually improved. In cases of GIN, medication history is important in the evaluation of aetiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2022-254226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T10:21:59Z","timestamp":1678789319000},"page":"e254226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Antiepileptic drug-induced severe granulomatous interstitial nephritis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sunita","family":"Aggarwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chetan","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shanu","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ranvijay","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082708532257000_16.3.e254226.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfv071","article-title":"Etiological diagnosis of granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis in the tropics","volume":"8","author":"Agrawal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"2025082708532257000_16.3.e254226.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfv053","article-title":"Granulomatous interstitial nephritis","volume":"8","author":"Shah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"2025082708532257000_16.3.e254226.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32976","DOI":"10.3402\/jchimp.v6.32976","article-title":"A rare case of lamotrigine-induced acute interstitial nephritis","volume":"6","author":"Matta","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect"},{"key":"2025082708532257000_16.3.e254226.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S2937"},{"key":"2025082708532257000_16.3.e254226.5","article-title":"Acute kidney injury caused by levetiracetam in a patient with status epilepticus","volume":"12","author":"Erdinc","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2025082708532257000_16.3.e254226.6","first-page":"219","article-title":"Granulomatous interstitial nephritis","volume":"13","author":"Mignon","year":"1984","journal-title":"Adv Nephrol Necker Hosp"},{"key":"2025082708532257000_16.3.e254226.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0046-8177(95)90300-3"},{"key":"2025082708532257000_16.3.e254226.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01790506"},{"key":"2025082708532257000_16.3.e254226.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injms.2017.04.002","article-title":"Phenytoin induced granulomatous interstitial nephritis","volume":"8","author":"Bansal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Medical Spe"},{"key":"2025082708532257000_16.3.e254226.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfs023"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2022-254226","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T15:53:28Z","timestamp":1756310008000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2022-254226"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2022-254226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2022-254226","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}}}