{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T16:22:05Z","timestamp":1780071725814,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Due to climate change, infections from tickborne pathogens are becoming more prevalent in the Northern Hemisphere. Human granulocytic anaplasmosis, caused by the obligate intracellular gram-negative bacteria <jats:italic>Anaplasma phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic> and carried by <jats:italic>Ixodes<\/jats:italic> ticks, can lead to morbidity and mortality in select populations. Anaplasmosis is commonly accompanied by significant cytopaenia, the pathophysiology of which remains unknown. Our case report describes an uncommon meningoencephalitic presentation of anaplasmosis with substantial anaemia and thrombocytopaenia. Additionally, we propose a mechanism of bone marrow infection and suppression by <jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic> which may be responsible for the cytopaenia in anaplasmosis and provide pictographic evidence of anaplasma in peripheral blood, cerebrospinal fluid and bone marrow.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-254603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T09:15:35Z","timestamp":1701335735000},"page":"e254603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Anaplasmosis encephalitis and infection of non-myeloid bone marrow precursors"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zahra","family":"Sohani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Knecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082702490856000_16.11.e254603.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2015.02.007"},{"key":"2025082702490856000_16.11.e254603.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cll.2017.01.006"},{"key":"2025082702490856000_16.11.e254603.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-9062.364756","article-title":"Global status of anaplasma phagocytophilum infections in human population: results of a 50-year (1970-2020) meta-analysis","volume":"60","author":"Karshima","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Vector Borne Dis"},{"key":"2025082702490856000_16.11.e254603.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/124173","article-title":"Human granulocytic anaplasmosis: first reported case in Canada","volume":"20","author":"Parkins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"2025082702490856000_16.11.e254603.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-004-0139-x"},{"key":"2025082702490856000_16.11.e254603.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0166","article-title":"Recent emergence of anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ontario, Canada: early serological and entomological indicators","volume":"101","author":"Nelder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2025082702490856000_16.11.e254603.7","unstructured":"Institut National de Sante Publique du Quebec . Surveillance of Lyme disease and other diseases transmitted by the Ixodes Scapularis tick: 2014. 2015. 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