{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T14:17:50Z","timestamp":1765808270713,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A woman in her early 20s with a history of lumbosacral lipomyelomeningocele with associated partial sacral agenesis and tethered cord was referred for possible sacral neuromodulation treatment of her refractory faecal incontinence. Anorectal testing revealed a thinned and weakened anal sphincter complex with absent left-sided bulbocavernosus and anal wink reflexes.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Through a two-stage approach, she underwent successful placement of a chronic tined quadripolar sacral nerve lead and implanted pulse generator. Despite significant distortion of normal bony anatomic landmarks, bilateral S3 and S4 foraminal entry was possible, with intraoperative motor and sensory testing providing key confirmation of appropriate lead placement. The patient had a substantial improvement in her baseline frequency and urgency with a near-complete resolution of faecal incontinence episodes during her test phase.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-254835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T11:40:21Z","timestamp":1693914021000},"page":"e254835","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Successful sacral neuromodulation treatment of refractory faecal incontinence in a patient with spina bifida and partial sacral agenesis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3534-7800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas","family":"Luchristt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amie","family":"Kawasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082700121551000_16.9.e254835.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101705"},{"key":"2025082700121551000_16.9.e254835.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/PRM-170450"},{"key":"2025082700121551000_16.9.e254835.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/PRM-200738"},{"key":"2025082700121551000_16.9.e254835.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000000397","article-title":"The American society of colon and rectal Surgeons' clinical practice guideline for the treatment of fecal Incontinence","volume":"58","author":"Paquette","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"2025082700121551000_16.9.e254835.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2011.02678.x","article-title":"Sacral nerve modulation for defaecation and micturition disorders in patients with spina bifida","volume":"14","author":"Lansen-Koch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"2025082700121551000_16.9.e254835.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-019-02721-x","article-title":"Sacral Neuromodulation in congenital lumbo-sacral and traumatic spinal cord defects with neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms: a single-center experience in children and adolescents","volume":"37","author":"Sharifiaghdas","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"2025082700121551000_16.9.e254835.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.11.075","article-title":"The effect of sacral neuromodulation in ambulatory spina bifida patients with neurogenic bladder and bowel dysfunction","volume":"153","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"2025082700121551000_16.9.e254835.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e318276b24c"},{"key":"2025082700121551000_16.9.e254835.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e31822155e9"},{"key":"2025082700121551000_16.9.e254835.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.21037\/ales-2022-03","article-title":"Update on Neuromodulation for fecal Incontinence","volume":"7","author":"Matzel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Laparosc Endosc Surg"},{"key":"2025082700121551000_16.9.e254835.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12213","article-title":"Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of faecal incontinence-A UEG\/ESCP\/ESNM\/ESPCG collaboration","volume":"10","author":"Assmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"2025082700121551000_16.9.e254835.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20332"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2023-254835","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T07:12:22Z","timestamp":1756278742000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2023-254835"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2023-254835"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2023-254835","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}}}