{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T00:59:56Z","timestamp":1793408396291,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A man in his 70s in a rehabilitation hospital, post cerebral infarct, became acutely short of breath with reduced oxygen saturations and an elevated d-dimer.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Non-occlusive filling defects were noted on the CT pulmonary angiogram in the proximal left pulmonary arteries. There was associated hypoplasia of the distal pulmonary arterial tree in the left hemithorax with left pulmonary vein stenosis. Review of previous imaging suggested this oligaemia was longstanding.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Although filling defects in the pulmonary arteries usually correspond to embolic material, in our patient they were too dense to represent thrombus and probably represented flow-related artefacts in the setting of chronic air trapping.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Given the associated volume loss, bronchiectasis and bronchial wall thickening in the left hemithorax Swyer-James-McLeod syndrome was thought to be the most likely underlying cause.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-255056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T13:06:55Z","timestamp":1695733615000},"page":"e255056","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Slow flow mimicking pulmonary embolism"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Halloran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082622571460000_16.9.e255056.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2021.1931370","article-title":"Radiologic mimics of pulmonary embolism","volume":"133","author":"Matusov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"2025082622571460000_16.9.e255056.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-234652","article-title":"Flow artefact mimicking pulmonary embolism in pulmonary hypertension","volume":"13","author":"Stefanidis","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"2025082622571460000_16.9.e255056.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.12893","article-title":"Turbulent flow artefact mimicking central pulmonary emboli in pulmonary hypertension: a report of two cases","volume":"63","author":"Pascoe","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"2025082622571460000_16.9.e255056.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2353040387","article-title":"Attenuation of acute and chronic pulmonary emboli","volume":"235","author":"Wittram","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2025082622571460000_16.9.e255056.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-017-0057-7","article-title":"Pulmonary vein sign for pulmonary embolism diagnosis in computed tomography angiography","volume":"195","author":"Souza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"2025082622571460000_16.9.e255056.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.018075","article-title":"Abnormal pulmonary venous filling: an adjunct feature in the computed tomography pulmonary angiogram assessment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension","volume":"9","author":"Gopalan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2025082622571460000_16.9.e255056.7","unstructured":"Behrendt A , Lee Y . Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2023. Available: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK554442\/"},{"key":"2025082622571460000_16.9.e255056.8","first-page":"104","article-title":"A unilateral hyperlucent lung - Swyer-James syndrome: a case report and literature review","volume":"20","author":"Dirweesh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respir Med Case Rep"},{"key":"2025082622571460000_16.9.e255056.9","unstructured":"UpToDate . n.d. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: initial management and evaluation for pulmonary artery Thromboendarterectomy \u2013 up to date."},{"key":"2025082622571460000_16.9.e255056.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2011.06.012"},{"key":"2025082622571460000_16.9.e255056.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2020.1512","article-title":"Dual-energy CT for pulmonary embolism: current and evolving clinical applications","volume":"22","author":"Hong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2023-255056","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T05:57:24Z","timestamp":1756274244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2023-255056"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2023-255056"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2023-255056","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}}}