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The role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in conversion therapy remains unclear for initially unresectable advanced GBC. We present a case of a woman in her late 60s diagnosed with stage IV GBC with liver and para-aortic and retroperitoneal lymph node metastases, who achieved a pathological complete response after three cycles of programmed cell death-ligand 1 inhibitor durvalumab combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin regimen and underwent conversion surgery without complication. The patient went on to develop disease progression without adjuvant therapy 6\u2009months after surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-255403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T13:15:12Z","timestamp":1703078112000},"page":"e255403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["PD-L1 inhibitor plus gemcitabine and cisplatin therapy followed by conversion surgery for initially unresectable advanced gallbladder cancer"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Shuyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Harbin, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Harbin, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7539-3924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tongsen","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Harbin, People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Department of Phase 1 Trials Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Heilongjiang Cancer Institute, Harbin, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082802323144000_16.12.e255403.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00324-2","article-title":"Overview of current targeted therapy in gallbladder cancer","volume":"5","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"2025082802323144000_16.12.e255403.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.05.014","article-title":"Landmark survival analysis and impact of anatomic site of origin in prospective clinical trials of biliary tract cancer","volume":"73","author":"McNamara","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"2025082802323144000_16.12.e255403.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-0314-8","article-title":"Modern therapeutic approaches for the treatment of malignant liver tumours","volume":"17","author":"Petrowsky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2025082802323144000_16.12.e255403.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-021-08459-3","article-title":"Short-term survival and safety of apatinib combined with oxaliplatin and S-1 in the conversion therapy of unresectable gastric cancer","volume":"21","author":"Ye","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"2025082802323144000_16.12.e255403.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.5582\/bst.2021.01091","article-title":"Conversion therapy and maintenance therapy for primary hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biosci Trends"},{"key":"2025082802323144000_16.12.e255403.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-021-01644-y","article-title":"Chemotherapy (doublet or triplet) plus targeted therapy by RAS status as conversion therapy in colorectal cancer patients with initially unresectable liver-only metastases. 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