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Idiopathic clubfoot should correct with a maximum of eight serial manipulations, cast applications and Achilles tendon tenotomy. If this is not the case, a repeat careful history, full examination, further investigations and review of the treatment method are required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-256114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T12:55:17Z","timestamp":1708347317000},"page":"e256114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigations and management of complex congenital talipes equinovarus"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shonnelly","family":"Novintan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Campioni-Norman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Hulme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082708554806000_17.2.e256114.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-018-0913-z","article-title":"The etiology of idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Pavone","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"2025082708554806000_17.2.e256114.2","first-page":"59","article-title":"Treatment of idiopathic clubfoot","volume":"20","author":"Dobbs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop J"},{"key":"2025082708554806000_17.2.e256114.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sheldrake T . Distortions of the Legs and Feet in Children. 1806. doi:10.5962\/bhl.title.120141","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.120141"},{"key":"2025082708554806000_17.2.e256114.4","unstructured":"Huson A . Een ontleedkundig functioneel onderzoek van de voetwortel (An anatomical and functional study of the tarsus) [PhD dissertation]. Leiden University, 1961"},{"key":"2025082708554806000_17.2.e256114.5","unstructured":"Farabeuf LH . Precis de Manual Operative. 4. Paris: Masson, 1893."},{"key":"2025082708554806000_17.2.e256114.6","unstructured":"Ponseti IV . Congenital Clubfoot: Fundamentals of Management. Oxford Univ Press, 1996."},{"key":"2025082708554806000_17.2.e256114.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.2.376"},{"key":"2025082708554806000_17.2.e256114.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.101B6.BJJ-2018-1421.R1","article-title":"Congenital talipes equinovarus: a systematic review of relapse as a primary outcome of the Ponseti method","volume":"101-B","author":"Gelfer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"2025082708554806000_17.2.e256114.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0690-9"},{"key":"2025082708554806000_17.2.e256114.10","first-page":"435","article-title":"Unilateral agenesis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle","volume":"37","author":"Ko\u00e7ak","year":"1995","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"key":"2025082708554806000_17.2.e256114.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000648","article-title":"An unusual cause of talipes equinovarus agenesis of leg muscles","volume":"96","author":"Boudokhane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2025082708554806000_17.2.e256114.12","unstructured":"Udd B , Hackman P , et al . Udd distal myopathy \u2013 Tibial muscular dystrophy. In: Adam MP , Ardinger HH , Pagon RA , eds. GeneReviews\u00ae. 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