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Diagnosis is challenging, and delay leads to irreversible destructive osteoarticular changes. A prompt diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion. This report presents a case of successfully diagnosed paediatric <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> monoarthritis of the knee to highlight these challenges.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-256606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T20:45:56Z","timestamp":1700253956000},"page":"e256606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i> infectious monoarthritis in a paediatric patient"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey R","family":"Ruland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua M","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith R","family":"Bachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leigh Ann","family":"Lather","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082710115196000_16.11.e256606.1","unstructured":"Global tuberculosis report 2022 [Internet]. 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