{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T02:10:53Z","timestamp":1785463853715,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Myomatous erythrocytosis syndrome (MES) is a rare form of secondary erythrocytosis seen with myomas. Here, we present a case of a postmenopausal, nulliparous woman in her 50s incidentally found to have asymptomatic erythrocytosis on routine laboratory work. She was found to have an 18.5\u2009cm myoma and after surgical resection, the patient\u2019s haematological values returned to normal ranges after a few weeks. This established the diagnosis as MES. The aetiology of MES continues to remain unknown but is most likely caused by an autonomous production of erythropoietin from the myomatous tissue. This case highlights obtaining a detailed history and physical examination to differentiate between the different causes of erythrocytosis, considering MES as a rare cause of secondary erythrocytosis and to prevent unnecessary procedures such as phlebotomy as surgery is the mainstay of treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-256927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T23:40:12Z","timestamp":1710891612000},"page":"e256927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Myomatous erythrocytosis syndrome: a uterine fibroid associated with polycythaemia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1039-7169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faisal","family":"Ansari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine-Pediatrics residency, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talal","family":"Al Assil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Omaira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bronson Methodist Hospital, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna V","family":"Hoekstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Michigan Cancer Center, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082801483380000_17.3.e256927.1","unstructured":"Azura Vascular Care . What is a Myoma? causes, types, symptoms, and treatments. 2019. Available: https:\/\/www.azuravascularcare.com\/infoufe\/what-is-a-myoma\/"},{"key":"2025082801483380000_17.3.e256927.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(95)00292-Y"},{"key":"2025082801483380000_17.3.e256927.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2018.12.025","article-title":"More than a Myoma: A review of Myomatous Erythrocytosis syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Mui","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"2025082801483380000_17.3.e256927.4","article-title":"Surprising Erythrocytosis resolution after Myomectomy: Myomatous Erythrocytosis syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Couillandre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Case Rep Intern Med"},{"key":"2025082801483380000_17.3.e256927.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2004.10.009"},{"key":"2025082801483380000_17.3.e256927.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1961.tb02762.x","article-title":"Firomyomata and Polycythaemia","volume":"68","author":"Menzies","year":"1961","journal-title":"BJOG"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2023-256927","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T08:48:43Z","timestamp":1756370923000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2023-256927"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2023-256927"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2023-256927","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}}}