{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T15:51:59Z","timestamp":1759333919677,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report a case of chronic dacryoadenitis associated with SARS-CoV-2, confirmed by histological analysis. A previously healthy school-aged boy was admitted to the paediatric department with a 1 month history of both eyebrow swelling and very mild pain in the upper parts of both eyelids. Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted MRI revealed enlargement of both lacrimal glands. Clinicopathological analysis confirmed bilateral chronic dacryoadenitis. Topical steroids were given, resulting in slow resolution over 2 months, and clinical stability at 10 months. The patient had experienced mild respiratory symptoms and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antigen via PCR testing, diagnosed as SARS-CoV-2, 3 months prior to the onset of dacryoadenitis. Inflammatory cells around the lacrimal gland demonstrated immunoreactivity for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. However, PCR testing of lacrimal fluid for SARS-CoV-2 was negative. This case illustrates protean complications and suggests a probable pathogenetic mechanism of dacryoadenitis associated with SARS-CoV-2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-257615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T10:01:01Z","timestamp":1734516061000},"page":"e257615","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Late onset paediatric dacryoadenitis associated with SARS-CoV-2 confirmed by histological analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1504-6151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koji","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuharu","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Suimon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Kase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092921551154000_17.12.e257615.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.11.032","article-title":"Idiopathic Dacryoadenitis: Clinical Features, Histopathology, and Treatment 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