{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T11:02:06Z","timestamp":1761649326265,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We present the case of an elderly man with a small-joint polyarthritis, accompanied by pitting oedema, involving hands and feet, raising clinical suspicion of remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema (RS3PE). Treatment with corticosteroids was initiated with significant improvement, but unacceptable iatrogeny ensued, and tapering was not possible without disease flare-up. A trial of tocilizumab allowed disease activity control, slow weaning of corticosteroids and, ultimately, its suspension. RS3PE is a rare rheumatological entity, initially thought to be a variant of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with shared traits with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), and other seronegative spondyloarthropathies, thereby implying a shared pathophysiological background. Elevated levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) are found in patients with RA, have shown to mirror disease activity in PMR and have also been described in the serum and synovial fluid of patients with RS3PE. Tocilizumab, an anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, shows auspicious results in several other rare rheumatic diseases other than RA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-257645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T11:00:16Z","timestamp":1710500416000},"page":"e257645","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody for the treatment of remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema: a new outlook?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0284-6686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Noversa de Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Marques Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Nair Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Ros\u00e1rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082712070295000_17.3.e257645.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1985.03360190069027"},{"key":"2025082712070295000_17.3.e257645.2","first-page":"333","article-title":"The clinical spectrum of remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema. 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