{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T15:10:05Z","timestamp":1756307405960,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The coexistence of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and neuronal migration abnormalities is a rare phenomenon. The underlying pathophysiology responsible for these anomalies remains elusive. Neuronal architectural irregularities arise from complex neuronal formation, migration and organisation dysfunctions. Isolated cases of these associations are rarely described in the literature. Here, we present an unusual case involving the coexistence of a pial AVF and a pachygyria\u2013polymicrogyria complex in an early childhood boy. We have provided a detailed description of the neuroimaging characteristics and the therapeutic embolisation in this case, along with follow-up. Additionally, we conduct a comprehensive review of potential hypotheses about the association, referencing prior case reports. The presence of an aberrant blood supply or deviant venous drainage from the developing cortex may contribute to a variety of neuronal migration anomalies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-258820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T12:00:53Z","timestamp":1709208053000},"page":"e258820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cortical malformation adjacent to a large pial arteriovenous fistula"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8711-2023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bheru Dan","family":"Charan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shariq Ahmad","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Savyasachi","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leve Joseph Devarajan","family":"Sebastian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082707293506000_17.2.e258820.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2008.44.2.101"},{"key":"2025082707293506000_17.2.e258820.2","first-page":"747","article-title":"Transarterial occlusion of solitary intracerebral Arteriovenous Fistulas","volume":"10","author":"Halbach","year":"1989","journal-title":"AJNR Am J 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