{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:35:55Z","timestamp":1787016955504,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This case report discusses a rare instance of polymicrobial pericarditis in a man in his early 60s with a history of substance abuse. The patient presented with chest pain and shortness of breath, later diagnosed as pericarditis caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus anginosus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>S. intermedius<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Candida glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                    , likely originating from a large adjacent oesophageal ulcer. The condition led to critical illness, requiring pericardiocentesis, antibiotic and antifungal therapy. Despite initial improvement, the patient experienced recurrence and ultimately underwent pericardectomy. The article emphasises the rarity and severity of polymicrobial pericarditis, often associated with high mortality. It underscores the importance of prompt recognition, broad-spectrum antibiotics and source control, particularly when the gastrointestinal tract is implicated. The case highlights the challenges in managing such cases and the potential need for surgical intervention for optimal outcomes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-259584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T01:00:47Z","timestamp":1725411647000},"page":"e259584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Polymicrobial pericarditis caused by bacterial and fungal translocation from an oesophageal ulcer"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Holman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greeshma","family":"Kambam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The George Washington University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6815-0695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Coen","family":"Lap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc O","family":"Siegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082702584701000_17.9.e259584.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15648-1"},{"key":"2025082702584701000_17.9.e259584.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(93)90592-O"},{"key":"2025082702584701000_17.9.e259584.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12030619","article-title":"Tuberculous Pericarditis-Own Experiences and Recent Recommendations","volume":"12","author":"Dybowska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"2025082702584701000_17.9.e259584.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(77)90150-4"},{"key":"2025082702584701000_17.9.e259584.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehj.2004.02.002"},{"key":"2025082702584701000_17.9.e259584.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e318194432b"},{"key":"2025082702584701000_17.9.e259584.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.01.019","article-title":"Cardiac tamponade caused by polymicrobial gram-negative organisms","volume":"13","author":"Sawaya","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025082702584701000_17.9.e259584.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.06.033"},{"key":"2025082702584701000_17.9.e259584.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12659\/AJCR.933684","article-title":"Subacute Polymicrobial Bacterial Pericarditis Mimicking Tuberculous Pericarditis: A Case Report","volume":"22","author":"Carmack","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Case Rep"},{"key":"2025082702584701000_17.9.e259584.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1002\/emp2.12202","article-title":"Idiopathic hemodynamically unstable polymicrobial purulent pericarditis: a rare case presentation","volume":"1","author":"Ased","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open"},{"key":"2025082702584701000_17.9.e259584.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kanwal A , Avgeropoulos D , Kaplan JG , et al . 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