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The prognosis varies, being more favourable without concurrent multiple myeloma and worsening with high-risk cytogenetics. The case involves a male in his early 80s with an extensive medical history presenting with difficulty swallowing and dyspnoea. The diagnosis revealed a rare posterior mediastinal plasmacytoma associated with multiple myeloma, emphasising the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2024-259771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:36:21Z","timestamp":1723163781000},"page":"e259771","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Extramedullary plasmacytoma with associated multiple myeloma as a presentation of the posterior mediastinal mass: a rare clinical encounter"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2730-2271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Proskuriakova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4821-2195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iuliia","family":"Kovalenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UPMC Pinnacle, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barun Babu","family":"Aryal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonid","family":"Shunyakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology\/Hematology, Citizens Memorial Hospital, Bolivar, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082701045642000_17.8.e259771.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990601)85:11<2305::AID-CNCR2>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"2025082701045642000_17.8.e259771.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12907","article-title":"Incidence, characteristics, and outcome of solitary plasmacytoma and plasma cell leukemia. 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