{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:29:11Z","timestamp":1780964951334,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>PMDS (persistent M\u00fcllerian duct syndrome) is a rare disorder of sex development characterised by the presence of M\u00fcllerian duct remnants in a phenotypically male individual with a 46XY karyotype. Radiological investigations play a crucial role in diagnosing and characterising this condition. Ultrasound and MRI are the modalities of choice. They help to non-invasively localise the gonads and M\u00fcllerian duct derivatives. Broadly, PMDS has two anatomical variants: male type and female type. The case report presented here does not fit into these classically described variants and can be called a variant of the female type. There is a risk of infertility and malignant transformation of undescended testis and M\u00fcllerian duct derivatives in cases of PMDS. Hence, management is focused on preventing these risks. Surgical intervention involves orchidopexy, removal of M\u00fcllerian duct derivatives and inguinal hernia repair.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2024-259784","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T22:10:10Z","timestamp":1721772610000},"page":"e259784","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Persistent M\u00fcllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) presenting as bilateral cryptorchidism and left-sided inguinal hernia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6996-1569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shrishail","family":"Adke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5893-4814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chandrasekhar I","family":"Khot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemangini","family":"Thakkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082702243329000_17.7.e259784.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.142.6.2167"},{"key":"2025082702243329000_17.7.e259784.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(93)90204-8"},{"key":"2025082702243329000_17.7.e259784.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19991229)89:4<218::AID-AJMG6>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"2025082702243329000_17.7.e259784.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.10091","article-title":"Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome caused by both a 27\u2010bp deletion and a novel splice mutation in the MIS type II receptor gene","volume":"67","author":"Hoshiya","year":"2003","journal-title":"Birth Defects Research"},{"key":"2025082702243329000_17.7.e259784.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3941\/jrcr.v11i3.3027","article-title":"Radiological findings in persistent M\u00fcllerian duct syndrome: case report and review of literature","volume":"11","author":"Alharbi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"2025082702243329000_17.7.e259784.6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Persistent M\u00fcllerian duct syndrome: understanding the challenges","volume":"2022","author":"Chua","year":"2022","journal-title":"Case Rep Urol"},{"key":"2025082702243329000_17.7.e259784.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.232025141","article-title":"Persistent M\u00fcllerian duct syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Dekker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"2025082702243329000_17.7.e259784.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2007.11.002"},{"key":"2025082702243329000_17.7.e259784.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1084","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2012.11184.x","article-title":"Persistent M\u00fcllerian duct syndrome: lessons learned from managing a series of eight patients over a 10-year period and review of literature regarding malignant risk from the M\u00fcllerian remnants","volume":"110","author":"Farikullah","year":"2012","journal-title":"BJU Int"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-259784","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T09:24:41Z","timestamp":1756286681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-259784"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2024-259784"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-259784","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}}}