{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T11:10:19Z","timestamp":1756293019874,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by an invasive form of <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>, typically affecting the anogenital area with regional lymphatic involvement. Extragenital manifestations are rare but can occur, particularly if the bacterium is inoculated out of the genital tract. To our knowledge, only 13 cases of symptomatic neck LGV have been published so far in the medical literature. We describe a case of a young man living with HIV with bilateral, rapid-growing and painful neck swelling, whose definite diagnosis was challenging. The patient underwent extensive investigation, including repeated ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspirations, microbiological exams and histological characterisation. Genotyping revealed <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> L2 serovar, confirming LGV as a final diagnosis, affecting neck lymph nodes. Treatment with doxycycline combined with surgical drainage led to clinical resolution. This case emphasises the importance of a comprehensive testing strategy to identify LGV, especially in individuals reporting unprotected oral sex, with unexplained neck lymphadenitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2024-260667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T22:55:11Z","timestamp":1721343311000},"page":"e260667","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lymphogranuloma venereum of the neck in a young man living with HIV: a rare extragenital presentation"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5306-8143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Borralho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infecciologia e Medicina Tropical, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental EPE Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Vaz","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infecciologia e Medicina Tropical, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental EPE Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Domingos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infecciologia e Medicina Tropical, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental EPE Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"Mansinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infecciologia e Medicina Tropical, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental EPE Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082703500072000_17.7.e260667.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000519","article-title":"Lymphogranuloma venereum in the Western world, 15 years after its re-emergence: new perspectives and research priorities","volume":"32","author":"de Vries","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025082703500072000_17.7.e260667.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001944","article-title":"The resurgence of lymphogranuloma venereum: changing presentation of lymphogranuloma venereum in the era of HIV preexposure prophylaxis, 2004 to 2022","volume":"51","author":"Gupta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sex Trans Dis"},{"key":"2025082703500072000_17.7.e260667.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00095-5","article-title":"Oropharyngeal lymphogranuloma venereum","volume":"21","author":"Kapoor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025082703500072000_17.7.e260667.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001036","article-title":"Cervical and oropharyngeal lymphogranuloma venereum: case report and literature review","volume":"46","author":"Galeano-Valle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2025082703500072000_17.7.e260667.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.2014.901169"},{"key":"2025082703500072000_17.7.e260667.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462412472830"},{"key":"2025082703500072000_17.7.e260667.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130808700817","article-title":"Head and neck manifestations of lymphogranuloma venereum","volume":"87","author":"Albay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"2025082703500072000_17.7.e260667.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1590\/S0365-05962010000400015","article-title":"Lymphogranuloma venereum - 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