{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T17:10:05Z","timestamp":1756314605564,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A man in his early 40s presented with extensive skin lesions in the groin and genital regions. The lesions were erythematous and maculopapular but evolved into vesicles and pustules with surrounding cellulitis. He stated that he grips livestock between his legs for sheep shearing. Inflammatory markers were high, and skin swab cultures grew mixed bacteria. There was no evidence of necrotising soft tissue infection. Skin biopsy demonstrated irregularly acanthotic epidermis, striking reticular degeneration with intraepidermal oedema and surface necrosis. Keratinocytes displayed ballooning degeneration, with many showing vacuolation and eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions. There was no granulomatous infiltrate to suggest an atypical mycobacterial infection. Viral specimens sent for PCR confirmed orf virus infection. Though the treatment of orf is conservative, he was treated with parenteral antibiotics and topical antiseptics for secondary bacterial infection. Genital orf should be considered when clinically suggestive and eliciting detailed occupational and contact history is crucial in diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2024-261449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T12:11:40Z","timestamp":1737979900000},"page":"e261449","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genital orf"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Krishna","family":"Thazhatheyil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School Department of Dermatology, Dundee, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Kourouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School Department of Dermatology, Dundee, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatopathology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Mcmullan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School Department of Dermatology, Dundee, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.09.64"},{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.2","unstructured":"Stone N . Scabby mouth (orf)\u2014a disease of sheep and goats. Victoria, Aust: Agriculture Victoria; 2007. Available: http:\/\/agriculture.vic.gov.au\/agriculture\/pests- diseases-andweeds\/animal-diseases\/sheep\/scabby-mouth-orf-a-disease-of- sheepand-goats [Accessed 29 Feb 2024]."},{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.3","first-page":"37","article-title":"Investigation and analysis of a human orf outbreak among people living on the same farm","volume":"34","author":"Bayindir","year":"2011","journal-title":"New Microbiol"},{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.4","first-page":"81","article-title":"Orf virus infection of workers in the meat industry","volume":"96","author":"Robinson","year":"1983","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e60","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2012.05622.x","article-title":"Autoinoculation with Orf virus (ecthyma contagiosum)","volume":"53","author":"Duchateau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.6","first-page":"460","article-title":"Genital ORF","volume":"18","author":"Kandemir","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2011.08.019"},{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268814000879","article-title":"Erythema multiforme after orf virus infection: a report of two cases and literature review","volume":"143","author":"Joseph","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1977.tb14256.x"},{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03375.x"},{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/scs.0b013e3180f611b4"},{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.24099\/vet.arhiv.0229","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo assessment of orf virus (ORFV) by electron microscopy","volume":"88","author":"Nashiruddullah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet arhiv"},{"key":"2025082709532541000_18.1.e261449.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/517509"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-261449","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T16:53:35Z","timestamp":1756313615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-261449"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2024-261449"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-261449","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}}}