{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T18:49:00Z","timestamp":1785782940948,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A woman in her 50s presented with redness, eye pain, watering and photophobia of the left eye starting 1\u2009week after she tested positive for COVID-19. She was diagnosed with left eye episcleritis and started on topical steroids. As the steroids were being gradually tapered, she developed a recurrence. The cycle of treatment-tapering-recurrence repeated itself such that nine episodes were noted within a span of 3 years. An exhaustive diagnostic work-up including infective and autoimmune blood tests, rheumatology assessment and COVID-19 conjunctival swabs and tear samples were done, and no underlying conditions or triggers could be identified, attributing \u2018long COVID\u2019 as the likely causative. Long COVID is the continuation or development of new symptoms after the initial COVID-19 infection, with no other explanation. It is estimated to affect nearly 65\u2009million people worldwide, with &gt;200 symptoms, involving different organ systems. The ocular manifestations of long COVID are less well-known.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2024-262244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T21:20:33Z","timestamp":1737667233000},"page":"e262244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Recurrent nodular episcleritis as a manifestation of long COVID"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4403-8767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harathy","family":"Selvan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, Coventry, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mrinal","family":"Rana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, Coventry, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082703493482000_18.1.e262244.1","first-page":"157","article-title":"WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic","volume":"91","author":"Cucinotta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Bio Medica Atenei Parm"},{"key":"2025082703493482000_18.1.e262244.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-020-01760-4"},{"key":"2025082703493482000_18.1.e262244.3","first-page":"25158414221083374","article-title":"Ocular manifestations of COVID-19","volume":"14","author":"Al-Namaeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ther Adv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2025082703493482000_18.1.e262244.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_297_21"},{"key":"2025082703493482000_18.1.e262244.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2021.1887282","article-title":"New Onset of Unilateral Orbital Myositis following Mild COVID-19 Infection","volume":"29","author":"Mangan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"2025082703493482000_18.1.e262244.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1080\/2576117X.2022.2114343","article-title":"Isolated Sudden-Onset Trochlear Nerve Palsy Associated with Mild Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Infection","volume":"73","author":"Mangan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil"},{"key":"2025082703493482000_18.1.e262244.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.14744\/bmj.2023.49344","article-title":"The Effect of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Retinal Thickness: A Prospective Study COVID-19 and Retina","volume":"10","author":"Alpo\u011fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bogazicitip"},{"key":"2025082703493482000_18.1.e262244.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002204","article-title":"Effects of COVID-19 on Retinal and Choroidal Thickness by Optical Coherence Tomography","volume":"32","author":"Sumer","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"2025082703493482000_18.1.e262244.9","unstructured":"CDC . 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