{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:52:22Z","timestamp":1768524742841,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In India, congenital tuberculosis (TB) accounts for 1%\u20133% of the TB burden. We present the case of a term neonate admitted with respiratory distress, hepatosplenomegaly and abnormal coagulation profiles. The neonate\u2019s condition rapidly deteriorated, progressing to respiratory failure within 72 hours of admission. Tuberculosis-specific tests (TB PCR and culture) in the neonate confirmed the diagnosis of disseminated congenital TB. However, the results arrived after the neonate succumbed to multiorgan failure following a brief hospital stay. Maternal chest imaging after these results revealed miliary TB and she was started on anti-TB treatment. Despite the concerning signs, congenital TB was not initially suspected due to the absence of relevant maternal history and the overlapping features with other infections. As a result, the initial differentials considered were bacterial sepsis, perinatal viral infections and immunodeficiency. This case underscores the need for earlier suspicion of congenital TB, particularly in TB-endemic areas, to avoid adverse outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2024-262698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T21:50:24Z","timestamp":1731534624000},"page":"e262698","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Challenges in diagnosing disseminated congenital tuberculosis in a neonate: outcome and maternal treatment opportunity"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Borra","family":"Ranganath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Selvan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiranben","family":"Chaudhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9487-4651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Usha","family":"Devi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082802211637000_17.11.e262698.1","unstructured":"India TB report 2022 \u2013 central tuberculosis division. Available: https:\/\/tbcindia-wp.azurewebsites.net\/india-tb-report-2022\/"},{"key":"2025082802211637000_17.11.e262698.2","first-page":"30","article-title":"Perinatal Tuberculosis","volume":"1","author":"Kavitha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025082802211637000_17.11.e262698.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hadi Khorsand z , Shahin Mafinezhad M , Ali Haghbin H . Congenital Tuberculosis: A Newborn Case Report With Rare Manifestation. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2016. (10.5812\/ircmj.23572).","DOI":"10.5812\/ircmj.23572"},{"key":"2025082802211637000_17.11.e262698.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199404143301505","volume":"330","author":"Cantwell","year":"1994","journal-title":"Congenital Tuberculosis N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025082802211637000_17.11.e262698.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2019.00255","article-title":"Congenital Tuberculosis in a Neonate: A Case Report and Literature Review","volume":"7","author":"Yeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"2025082802211637000_17.11.e262698.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0002222","article-title":"The clinical presentation and detection of tuberculosis during pregnancy and in the postpartum period in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Simpson","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLOS Glob Public Health"},{"key":"2025082802211637000_17.11.e262698.7","unstructured":"Hollyman S . Tuberculosis (tb) poses a serious threat to the lives and health of pregnant women and their infants, but is often not recognized during pregnancy and the postpartum period. it is crucial that tb disease and risk for tb progression are recognized and treated, to protect the health of the mother and infant."},{"key":"2025082802211637000_17.11.e262698.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10789","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47302-5","article-title":"Microbiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children by oral swab polymerase chain reaction","volume":"9","author":"Nicol","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025082802211637000_17.11.e262698.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00702","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00702-20","article-title":"Evaluation of Xpert MTB\/RIF Ultra Assay for Diagnosis of Childhood Tuberculosis: a Multicenter Accuracy Study","volume":"58","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2025082802211637000_17.11.e262698.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/1519-6984.244311","article-title":"Comparison of different diagnostic modalities for isolation of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis among suspected tuberculous lymphadenitis patients","volume":"83","author":"Sharif","year":"2021","journal-title":"Braz J Biol"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-262698","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T09:21:23Z","timestamp":1756372883000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-262698"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2024-262698"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-262698","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}}}