{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T01:50:42Z","timestamp":1790646642781,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder characterised by benign tumours and cutaneous lesions, including neurofibromas. This case report describes a boy in his early 10s with NF1 who presented with an oral swelling initially suspected to be a neurofibroma. However, histopathological analysis revealed the lesion to be a solitary pyogenic granuloma. The patient\u2019s clinical presentation included multiple caf\u00e9-au-lait spots and neurofibromas, consistent with NF1. MRI of jaws suggested a non-infiltrative benign mass, and excisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of pyogenic granuloma, with negative S100 staining excluding neurofibroma. This case report presents a pyogenic granuloma in an NF1 patient and emphasises the importance of differentiating these lesions from neurofibromas. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate management and follow-up, given the potential for neurofibromas to undergo malignant transformation. Regular monitoring and multidisciplinary care are recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2024-263415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T00:00:15Z","timestamp":1751587215000},"page":"e263415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Solitary intraoral pyogenic granuloma in neurofibromatosis type 1: diagnostic conundrum"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Lata","family":"Goyal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry (Periodontology Division), All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bathinda, Bathinda, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1481-039X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hariram","family":"Sankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry (Periodontology Division), All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bathinda, Bathinda, India"},{"name":"Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bathinda, Bathinda, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeshwanth","family":"Perambudhuru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry (Periodontology Division), All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bathinda, Bathinda, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5714-218X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gargi","family":"Kapatia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bathinda, Bathinda, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082712035344000_18.7.e263415.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.7181\/acfs.2022.00633","article-title":"Current concepts of neurofibromatosis type 1: pathophysiology and treatment","volume":"23","author":"Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"2025082712035344000_18.7.e263415.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2014.02.007","article-title":"Oral manifestations in patients with neurofibromatosis type-1: a comprehensive literature review","volume":"91","author":"Javed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"2025082712035344000_18.7.e263415.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2012-0162"},{"key":"2025082712035344000_18.7.e263415.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.35333\/ERD.2019.103","article-title":"A Sublingual Neurofibroma: A Case Report","volume":"2","author":"Erdil","year":"2019","journal-title":"ERD"},{"key":"2025082712035344000_18.7.e263415.5","article-title":"The Solitary Variant of Mandibular Intraosseous Neurofibroma: Report of a Rare Entity","volume":"2015","author":"Gujjar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep Dent"},{"key":"2025082712035344000_18.7.e263415.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.3.608"},{"key":"2025082712035344000_18.7.e263415.7","article-title":"LASER Assisted Excision of Solitary Neurofibroma in the Gingiva","volume":"12","author":"Ravindran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2025082712035344000_18.7.e263415.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.4236\/jcdsa.2019.91004","article-title":"Oral Manifestations of Neurofibromatosis Type 1","volume":"09","author":"Cherifi","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCDSA"},{"key":"2025082712035344000_18.7.e263415.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1668","article-title":"Dental Management of Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Case Report and Literature Review","volume":"12","author":"Wotjiuk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"2025082712035344000_18.7.e263415.10","unstructured":"Rakhi I . Concomitant occurrence of neurofibromatosis type I and lobular capillary hemangioma in the oral cavity: a case report. 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