{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T04:23:38Z","timestamp":1793334218708,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Severe, refractory lower limb oedema can be a significant burden for patients with advanced metastatic malignancy. Despite this challenge, management strategies are often limited to analgesia, as well as pressure care and nursing care with positioning and dressings. The evidence for subcutaneous drainage in this setting largely consists of case reports, and it is infrequently practised in palliative care units (PCUs). In this case report, a patient with advanced metastatic ovarian cancer in her final weeks of life is discussed. Her severe lower limb oedema resulted in frequent pain and severe limitations on her mobility. The symptoms resulted in a multidisciplinary approach from the palliative care team, part of which included the use of subcutaneous drainage. The process of initiating this procedure in the PCU, details of the procedure and the benefit from it are described.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2024-263443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]],"date-time":"2024-12-22T09:25:42Z","timestamp":1734859542000},"page":"e263443","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Subcutaneous drainage of refractory lower limb oedema at the end of life"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9115-6083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawn Marie","family":"Hooper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Palliative Care, Mona Vale District Hospital, Mona Vale, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter Edward","family":"Roach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Palliative Care, Mona Vale District Hospital, Mona Vale, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Palliative Care, HammondCare, Greenwich, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082709362890000_17.12.e263443.1","unstructured":"International Lymphoedema Framework . Position document: the management of lymphoedema in advanced cancer and oedema at the end of life. 2010. Available: https:\/\/www.lympho.org\/uploads\/files\/files\/Palliative-Document.pdf [Accessed 22 Sep 2024]."},{"key":"2025082709362890000_17.12.e263443.2","first-page":"20","article-title":"Lower limb lymphoedema at the end of life: how common is it","volume":"13","author":"Best","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Lymphoedema"},{"key":"2025082709362890000_17.12.e263443.3","unstructured":"Huor A , Landers A . The prevalence and treatment of oedema at the end of life: a retrospective review of 400 cases. J Lymphoedema 2021;16."},{"key":"2025082709362890000_17.12.e263443.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1002\/jgf2.425","article-title":"Physical findings and tests useful for differentiating lymphedema","volume":"22","author":"Kamijo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Gen Fam Med"},{"key":"2025082709362890000_17.12.e263443.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2023.07.003","article-title":"Albumin administration in internal medicine: A journey between effectiveness and futility","volume":"117","author":"Pompili","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"2025082709362890000_17.12.e263443.6","first-page":"70","article-title":"Subcutaneous cannula drainage for symptomatic lower limb oedema in advanced cancer: a case study","volume":"18","author":"Priest","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Lymphoedema"},{"key":"2025082709362890000_17.12.e263443.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216314545803"},{"key":"2025082709362890000_17.12.e263443.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104990910402100314"},{"key":"2025082709362890000_17.12.e263443.9","unstructured":"Landers A , Thomson M . Quantitative study of the subcutaneous needle drainage of lymphoedema in advanced malignancy. 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