{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:03:15Z","timestamp":1756425795351,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Infantile haemangiomas are a common presentation in infants within the first few months of life. The majority of haemangiomas are benign; however, large haemangiomas (\u22655\u2009cm), especially those involving the face, may indicate a more serious underlying neurocutaneous disorder known as PHACE (Posterior fossa malformations, Haemangioma, Arterial anomalies, Coarctation of the aorta\/Cardiac defects and Eye abnormalities) syndrome. The authors report an unusual case of possible PHACE syndrome in a young male toddler with a large facial haemangioma. Diagnosing and managing PHACE syndrome is a complex task, as it requires a multidisciplinary approach, awareness of the clinical presentation and access to standardised guidelines to approach large facial haemangiomas. We will discuss the clinical assessment and diagnostic approach to PHACE syndrome in a metropolitan paediatric outpatient setting in Western Australia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2024-263878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,19]],"date-time":"2025-01-19T20:50:51Z","timestamp":1737319851000},"page":"e263878","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u2018PHACE\u2019 on the \u2018face\u2019"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7018-8051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ie Lien","family":"Romero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0760-3544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia","family":"Saw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Department, SJOG Midland Public Hospital, Midland, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noel David","family":"Friesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Department, SJOG Midland Public Hospital, Midland, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082801355185000_18.1.e263878.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20187693","article-title":"PHACE syndrome: clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and management","volume":"93","author":"Rotter","year":"2018","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"2025082801355185000_18.1.e263878.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1092"},{"key":"2025082801355185000_18.1.e263878.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.31189","article-title":"A prospective study of PHACE syndrome in infantile hemangiomas: demographic features, clinical findings, and complications","volume":"140","author":"Metry","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"key":"2025082801355185000_18.1.e263878.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.07.054"},{"key":"2025082801355185000_18.1.e263878.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.31128\/AJGP-01-21-5815","article-title":"Infantile haemangiomas: Identifying high-risk lesions in primary care","volume":"50","author":"Joseph","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aust J Gen Pract"},{"key":"2025082801355185000_18.1.e263878.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-024-03359-9","article-title":"Association between general anesthesia in early childhood and neurodevelopment up to 4 years of age: the Japan Environment and Children\u2019s Study","volume":"38","author":"Nagai","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"2025082801355185000_18.1.e263878.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2554"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-263878","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T08:35:57Z","timestamp":1756370157000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-263878"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2024-263878"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-263878","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}}}