{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T16:01:12Z","timestamp":1758124872178,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A male infant born at 28 5\/7 gestational weeks with a birth weight of 1180 grams was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) due to prematurity, very low birth weight, and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). At about three\u2009months of life, he remained inpatient while working on oral feeding skills. The infant presented with a gradual onset of consistently elevated blood pressure readings leading to a diagnosis of hypertension. While undergoing evaluation for the aetiology of hypertension, a renal ultrasound with Dopplers demonstrated findings consistent with pyelonephritis. The infant had no clinical manifestations of pyelonephritis. Additionally, an echocardiogram showed reduced cardiac function, likely a result of hypertension. Radiographic signs of pyelonephritis resolved following treatment of the pyelonephritis with antibiotics. An echocardiogram completed after the initiation of antihypertensive medication showed improvement in cardiac function. The infant was discharged home with multispeciality follow-up and is reportedly doing well. Per review of available literature, this is the first reported case of hypertension leading to a diagnosis of pyelonephritis in neonates or young infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2024-264087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T16:27:13Z","timestamp":1742401633000},"page":"e264087","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Atypical presentation of pyelonephritis in an infant"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4697-3615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly","family":"Sulo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James R","family":"Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colleen","family":"Nash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura M","family":"Seske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082701204202000_18.3.e264087.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.18-6-e357"},{"key":"2025082701204202000_18.3.e264087.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-010-1755-z"},{"key":"2025082701204202000_18.3.e264087.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2654"},{"key":"2025082701204202000_18.3.e264087.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schlager TA . Urinary Tract Infections in Infants and Children. Microbiol Spectr 2016;4. doi:10.1128\/microbiolspec.UTI-0022-2016","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.UTI-0022-2016"},{"key":"2025082701204202000_18.3.e264087.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-3026","article-title":"Reaffirmation of AAP Clinical Practice Guideline: The Diagnosis and Management of the Initial Urinary Tract Infection in Febrile Infants and Young Children 2\u201324 Months of Age","volume":"138","author":"Roberts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025082701204202000_18.3.e264087.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.19-6-e337"},{"key":"2025082701204202000_18.3.e264087.7","unstructured":"Walters MM , Robertson RL . Pediatric radiology: the requisites. 4th edn. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2017:420."},{"key":"2025082701204202000_18.3.e264087.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-012138","article-title":"Contemporary Management of Urinary Tract Infection in Children","volume":"147","author":"Mattoo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025082701204202000_18.3.e264087.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2014.10.003"},{"key":"2025082701204202000_18.3.e264087.10","unstructured":"Paladin A , Carrico CWT , Lee EY , eds. Pediatric radiology (rotations in radiology). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.:1."},{"key":"2025082701204202000_18.3.e264087.11","unstructured":"Kim IO , ed. Radiology illustrated: pediatric radiology (radiology illustrated). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. Available: https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-642-35573-8"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-264087","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T08:20:51Z","timestamp":1756282851000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-264087"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2024-264087"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2024-264087","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}}}