{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T05:54:19Z","timestamp":1767678859735,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Antebrachial fractures are common among paediatric patients. Some exhibit neurological symptoms, making it initially challenging to determine nerve injury severity. We present two paediatric cases of median nerve entrapment within the radius following mid-shaft antebrachial fractures. Both cases showed persistent sensory and motor deficits, paraesthesia and pain in the distribution area of the median nerve after nail osteosynthesis. Nerve conduction studies and ultrasound suggested nerve entrapment at the fracture site, leading to surgical exploration and nerve autograft repair at 12 months (case 1) and nerve allografting at 34 months (case 2) post injury. At 18 months follow-up, case 1 had regained full sensory function but showed no clinical signs of motor reinnervation. Case 2 regained normal motor function, but sensory function remained impaired at 39 months follow-up. Early recognition and intervention of nerve injuries are crucial for improving the likelihood of better outcomes and minimising the risk of disabling sequelae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2025-265860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T05:50:17Z","timestamp":1767678617000},"page":"e265860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Entrapment of the median nerve within the radius following diaphyseal antebrachial fractures treated with nail osteosynthesis in two paediatric patients"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2877-6427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Emil J\u00f8rgensen","family":"\u00d8stergaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aarhus University Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus N, Denmark"},{"name":"Aarhus Denmark Microdialysis Research (ADMIRE), Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Central Denmark Region, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erisela","family":"Qerama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aarhus University Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus N, Denmark"},{"name":"Aarhus University Hospital Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus, Central Denmark Region, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7215-8323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mats","family":"Bue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aarhus University Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus N, Denmark"},{"name":"Aarhus Denmark Microdialysis Research (ADMIRE), Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Central Denmark Region, Denmark"},{"name":"Aarhus University Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aarhus, Central Denmark Region, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maiken","family":"Stilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aarhus University Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus N, Denmark"},{"name":"Aarhus Denmark Microdialysis Research (ADMIRE), Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Central Denmark Region, Denmark"},{"name":"Aarhus University Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aarhus, Central Denmark Region, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010521501199000_19.1.e265860.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e318203205b","article-title":"Nonoperative treatment of both-bone forearm shaft fractures in children: predictors of early radiographic failure","volume":"31","author":"Bowman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"2026010521501199000_19.1.e265860.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-7681(94)90243-7","article-title":"Radiological Signs of Entrapment of the Median Nerve in Forearm Shaft Fractures","volume":"19","author":"Clarke","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Br"},{"key":"2026010521501199000_19.1.e265860.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-005-1026-z","article-title":"Median Nerve Entrapment in Mid-Shaft Radius Fracture Callus","volume":"31","author":"Bendre","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma"},{"key":"2026010521501199000_19.1.e265860.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199004020-00018","article-title":"Combined entrapment of the median and anterior interosseous nerves in a pediatric both-bone forearm fracture","volume":"4","author":"Gainor","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"2026010521501199000_19.1.e265860.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-4679(88)90010-8","article-title":"Greenstick fracture of the forearm with median nerve entrapment","volume":"6","author":"Genelin","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2026010521501199000_19.1.e265860.6","first-page":"214","article-title":"Median nerve entrapment in a pediatric both-bone forearm fracture: recognition and management in the acute setting","volume":"15","author":"Hurst","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Surg Orthop Adv"},{"key":"2026010521501199000_19.1.e265860.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1142\/S2424835520720066","article-title":"Entrapment of the Median Nerve after Elastic Intramedullary Nailing of a Pediatric Forearm Fracture","volume":"25","author":"Van Royen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Asian-Pac Vol"},{"key":"2026010521501199000_19.1.e265860.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197456060-00023","article-title":"Median-nerve entrapment within a greenstick fracture; 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Median nerve entrapment during closed reduction of antebrachium fracture in a child. 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