{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T23:13:32Z","timestamp":1768259612392,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Caffey disease, also known as Infantile Cortical Hyperostosis, is a rare yet significant self-limiting disorder that primarily affects infants. The condition is characterised by acute inflammation of the periosteum, cortical hyperostosis, and soft tissue swelling, often accompanied by systemic manifestations such as fever and irritability. The case describes a male infant with progressive left thigh swelling appearing 10 days post-immunisation, with no systemic symptoms. Examination revealed a bony-hard swelling with elevated inflammatory markers and alkaline phosphatase. Radiographs showed cortical thickening, and biopsy confirmed Caffey disease (Infantile Cortical Hyperostosis). Differential diagnoses like osteomyelitis and malignancy were ruled out. Conservative management with symptomatic relief led to complete resolution within 3\u2009months, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis to avoid unnecessary interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2025-265924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T04:16:06Z","timestamp":1749096966000},"page":"e265924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Unravelling the challenges in diagnosing Caffey disease"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5362-7817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anirudh","family":"Dwajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedics, AIIMS Bilaspur, Bilaspur, HP, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayaganesh","family":"Selvamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedics, JIPMER, Puducherry, PY, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3339-2744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mainak","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harshit","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedics, AIIMS Bilaspur, Bilaspur, HP, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082702432777000_18.6.e265924.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.4103\/jmsr.jmsr_42_18","article-title":"Caffey\u2019s disease (Infantile cortical hyperostosis): Case Report, MRI findings, and review of the literature","volume":"2","author":"Refai","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Surg Res"},{"key":"2025082702432777000_18.6.e265924.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5001\/omj.2010.36"},{"key":"2025082702432777000_18.6.e265924.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200522760"},{"key":"2025082702432777000_18.6.e265924.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2013.12.030","article-title":"Caffey disease: new perspectives on old questions","volume":"60","author":"Nistala","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2025082702432777000_18.6.e265924.5","unstructured":"Kirby K , Ponnarasu S , Alsaleem M , et al . Infantile cortical hyperostosis. In: Statpearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2025."},{"key":"2025082702432777000_18.6.e265924.6","first-page":"53","article-title":"A Case of caffey\u2019s disease involving long bones in a girl child and literature review","volume":"23","author":"Mohakud","year":"2022","journal-title":"Res Rev Pediatr"},{"key":"2025082702432777000_18.6.e265924.7","unstructured":"Guerin A , Dupuis L , Mendoza-Londono R . Caffey disease. In: Adam MP , Feldman J , Mirzaa GM , et al , eds. Genereviews. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle, 1993. Available: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK99168\/"},{"key":"2025082702432777000_18.6.e265924.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.3300"},{"key":"2025082702432777000_18.6.e265924.9","article-title":"Monostotic Scapular Caffey Disease: A Case Report With MRI Correlate","volume":"16","author":"Oad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2025082702432777000_18.6.e265924.10","unstructured":"Pinheiro P , Aymore IL , Amoedo AR , et al . Infantile cortical hyperostosis: report of a case with observations on clinical manifestations, radiology, and pathology with a late follow-up of eight years. Available: https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2016\/2073854"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-265924","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T09:43:34Z","timestamp":1756287814000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-265924"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2025-265924"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-265924","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}}}