{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T16:59:18Z","timestamp":1757609958012,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report a case of a young woman who presented with a vitreous haemorrhage associated with a combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (CHRRPE). During her clinical course, while the vitreous haemorrhage resolved, the lesion enlarged with a worsening epiretinal membrane. The patient\u2019s visual acuity reduced from 0.06 to 0.4 logMAR (Snellen equivalent of 6\/7.5 to 6\/30) with worsening metamorphopsia over a 13-week period. She shortly underwent pars plana vitrectomy with a membrane peel with an improved anatomical and visual outcome.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>The case presented shows an uncommon presentation of CHRRPE in a patient with rapid clinical progression, highlighting the favourable outcomes of early surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2025-265939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T12:35:15Z","timestamp":1756902915000},"page":"e265939","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium: unusual rapid progression and early surgical intervention"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7152-4292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shari","family":"Cadogan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Milton Keynes, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5066-4074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo","family":"De La Mata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Banderas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2202","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000220","article-title":"Combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium: findings on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography in eight eyes","volume":"34","author":"Arepalli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Retina (Philadelphia, Pa)"},{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.2","article-title":"Combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium - MRI features of a rare paediatric intraocular tumour","volume":"7","author":"Waelti","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJR Case Rep"},{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.08.008"},{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(84)34094-5","article-title":"Combined hamartomas of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium","volume":"91","author":"Schachat","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.5","first-page":"171","article-title":"An unusual hamartoma of the pigment epithelium and retina simulating choroidal melanoma and retinoblastoma","volume":"71","author":"Gass","year":"1973","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oftal.2014.09.017","article-title":"Combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium. Anti-VEGF treatment of the associated choroidal neovascular membranes","volume":"90","author":"Echevarr\u00eda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol"},{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v11.i8.1788","article-title":"Combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium: A case report","volume":"11","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.8","unstructured":"Kanukollu VM , Agarwal P . Epiretinal membrane. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2025."},{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.9","unstructured":"Jena S , Tripathy K . Vitreous hemorrhage. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, Available: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK559131\/"},{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2022.09.001","article-title":"Description and surgical management of epiretinal membrane due to combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv Ophthalmol Pract Res"},{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1159\/000518013","article-title":"Surgery for Combined Hamartoma of the Retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelium","volume":"12","author":"van der Sommen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)73372-0","article-title":"Clinicopathologic results of vitreous surgery for epiretinal membranes in patients with combined retinal and retinal pigment epithelial hamartomas","volume":"100","author":"McDonald","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2025090305350728000_18.9.e265939.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20201005-02","article-title":"Surgical Outcomes of Epiretinal Membrane Removal Due to Combined Hamartoma of the Retina and RPE","volume":"51","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-265939","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T12:35:17Z","timestamp":1756902917000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-265939"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2025-265939"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-265939","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}}}