{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T09:40:22Z","timestamp":1756374022296,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) is a multifactorial condition characterised by abnormal fluid accumulation in fetal compartments. We report a complex case of NIHF in a primigravida in her 30s with dual pathology involving fetal parvovirus B19 infection and Aicardi\u2013Gouti\u00e8res syndrome (AGS) due to a <jats:italic>TREX1<\/jats:italic> gene mutation. The fetus exhibited severe anaemia, hydrops fetalis, ventriculomegaly and brain calcifications. Whole exome sequencing confirmed AGS as the genetic aetiology, while PCR on amniotic fluid identified parvovirus B19 as a coexisting infection. Although AGS alone has varied phenotype and prognosis but due to coexisting severe anaemia, the neonate succumbed postnatally. This report highlights the importance of integrating genetic and infectious workups in atypical NIHF cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2025-266781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T08:30:18Z","timestamp":1753950618000},"page":"e266781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dual pathology of parvovirus B19 infection and Aicardi\u2013Gouti\u00e8res syndrome complicating non-immune hydrops fetalis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Dolat Singh","family":"Shekhawat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics & Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shreya","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7788-2502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charu","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nayan","family":"Tada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics & Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shashank","family":"Shekhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pratibha","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuldeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics & Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082802034256000_18.7.e266781.1","first-page":"17048441","article-title":"Hydrops fetalis caused by parvovirus B19 infection: case report and literature review","volume":"89","author":"Taksaphan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"2025082802034256000_18.7.e266781.2","unstructured":"Aicardi-goutieres syndrome 1; AGS1. n.d. 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