{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T04:52:23Z","timestamp":1766119943600,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL) is a rare benign disorder of uncertain aetiology that often mimics advanced ovarian or peritoneal malignancy, both clinically and radiologically. The majority of reported cases have been associated with prior laparoscopic uterine myomectomy, particularly when uncontained morcellation was used. Here, we present a case of a nulliparous woman in her 20s who presented with a large abdominopelvic mass and radiological findings suggestive of ovarian carcinoma. However, further history-taking revealed a laparoscopic myomectomy with morcellation performed 2 years earlier for primary infertility due to a large intramural fibroid. Subsequent ultrasound-guided biopsy and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL). The objective of this case report is to highlight the diagnostic challenge DPL poses by mimicking malignancy and to emphasise the importance of eliciting prior surgical history\u2014particularly involving morcellation\u2014as a crucial clue in correctly identifying this benign entity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2025-267442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T04:05:28Z","timestamp":1766117128000},"page":"e267442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Deciphering a diagnostic enigma from ovarian malignancy to disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mukta","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS Patna, Patna, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simran","family":"Simran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS Patna, Patna, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3400-8161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudwita","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS Patna, Patna, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Upasna","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radio Diagnosis, AIIMS Patna, Patna, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.105745","article-title":"Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata mimicking peritoneal carcinomatosis 13 years after laparoscopic uterine myomectomy: A case report","volume":"81","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.109908","article-title":"Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis mimicking carcinomatosis: A case report","volume":"120","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1159\/000164949","article-title":"A case of disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis developing after laparoscope-assisted myomectomy","volume":"67","author":"Miyake","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leanza V . Surgical removal of multiple mesenteric fibroids (Kg 4,500) by abdominal spread of previous laparoscopic uterine myomectomy. GCHIR 2015. doi:10.11138\/gchir\/2015.36.1.032","DOI":"10.11138\/gchir\/2015.36.1.032"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2018.12.013","article-title":"Feasibility of myomatous tissue extraction in laparoscopic surgery by contained in \u2013 bag morcellation: A retrospective single arm study","volume":"62","author":"Devassy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2016.11.007","article-title":"Long-term sequelae of unconfined morcellation during laparoscopic gynecological surgery","volume":"97","author":"Cohen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000000342","article-title":"A Case of Simultaneous Benign Metastasizing Leiomyomas and Disseminated Peritoneal Leiomyomatosis Following Endoscopic Power Morcellation for Uterine Disease","volume":"23","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.8","unstructured":"Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata: a clinical analysis of 13 cases and literature review - juan li, shuyan dai, 2020 [internet]. 2020 Available: https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1066896919880962"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.03.023","article-title":"Leyomiomatosis peritonealis disseminata associated with ovarian endometriosis in a patient submitted to hysteroscopic myomectomy","volume":"111","author":"Mabrouk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788749","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2021.788749","article-title":"Leiomyomatosis Peritonealis Disseminata Following Laparoscopic Surgery With Uncontained Morcellation: 13 Cases From One Institution","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5301","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060519859137","article-title":"Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis following laparoscopic myomectomy: a case report","volume":"47","author":"Xiao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thang NM , Thien DH , Huyen Anh NT , et al . Leiomyomatosis peritonealis dissemianata five years after laparoscopic uterine myomectomy: A case report. Annals of Medicine & Surgery 2021;66. doi:10.1016\/j.amsu.2021.102377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2021.102377"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu X , Hu Y , Chen L , et al . Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis: a case report and review of the literature. J Int Med Res 2021;49. doi:10.1177\/03000605211033194","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605211033194"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panesar H , Dhaliwal HS . Iatrogenic Parasitic Leiomyomas: A Late and Uncommon Complication After Laparoscopic Morcellation. Cureus 2022. doi:10.7759\/cureus.24718","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.24718"},{"key":"2025121820051626000_18.12.e267442.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2023.03.022","article-title":"Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis: A case report","volume":"18","author":"Izi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-267442","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T04:05:31Z","timestamp":1766117131000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-267442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2025-267442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-267442","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}}}