{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:51:59Z","timestamp":1761745919434,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Leydig cell tumours (LCTs) are rare testicular stromal tumours, comprising 1\u20133% of all testicular neoplasms. While typically benign, malignant transformation occurs in approximately 10% of cases, with metastasis being exceedingly rare. We present a case of a male in his 70s with a history of pT1 Leydig cell tumour who developed metastatic disease to the lungs and para-aortic lymph nodes, discovered during prostate cancer staging. This case highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing metastatic LCT and underscores the importance of surveillance in patients with rare testicular malignancies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2025-267782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T10:15:21Z","timestamp":1761732921000},"page":"e267782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metastatic Leydig cell tumour in a patient with synchronous prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1388-2044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Gillman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Mansbridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Ehsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000012390","article-title":"Recent global trends in testicular cancer incidence and mortality","volume":"97","author":"Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2857","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-020-03079-1","article-title":"Leydig-cell tumour of the testis: retrospective analysis of clinical and therapeutic features in 204 cases","volume":"38","author":"Ruf","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.3","first-page":"1387","article-title":"Multiparametric ultrasound for the diagnosis of Leydig cell tumours in non-palpable testicular lesions","volume":"10","author":"Corcioni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Andrology (Los Angel)"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000000705","article-title":"Risk Factors and Treatment Outcomes of 1,375 Patients with Testicular Leydig Cell Tumors: Analysis of Published Case Series Data","volume":"203","author":"Fankhauser","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2011.05.038"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(05)70099-9"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198503000-00002"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14225","article-title":"The Leydig cell tumour Scaled Score (LeSS): a method to distinguish benign from malignant cases, with additional correlation with MDM2 and CDK4 amplification","volume":"78","author":"Colecchia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-021-03890-2","article-title":"Treatment and follow-up of rare testis tumours","volume":"148","author":"Fankhauser","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.10","unstructured":"National Library of Medicine (US) . Testing the effectiveness of two immunotherapy drugs (nivolumab and ipilimumab) with one anti-cancer targeted drug (cabozantinib) for rare genitourinary tumors. Bethesda (MD): ClinicalTrials.gov; 2019. Available: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT03866382"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-014-0781-x","article-title":"Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) for malignant phenotype Leydig cell tumours of the testis: a 10-year experience","volume":"4","author":"Hendry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Springerplus"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.01.104"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1159\/000200790","article-title":"Lessons from 52 patients with leydig cell tumor of the testis: the GUONE (North-Eastern Uro-Oncological Group, Italy) experience","volume":"82","author":"Di Tonno","year":"2009","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11573","article-title":"Does retroperitoneal lymph node dissection have a curative role for patients with sex cord-stromal testicular tumors?","volume":"98","author":"Mosharafa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2025102903101518000_18.10.e267782.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1089\/089277903770802362","article-title":"Management of adult Leydig-cell testicular tumors: assessing the role of laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection","volume":"17","author":"Peschel","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Endourol"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-267782","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T10:15:24Z","timestamp":1761732924000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-267782"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2025-267782"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-267782","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}}}