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Considering this, they underwent a right upper lobe wedge resection, decortication and pleurodesis. Following surgery, antifungal therapy continued for 6 months. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis can manifest with varied clinical presentations depending on immune status and underlying lung disease. These include the rapidly progressing subacute invasive aspergillosis and the slowly progressing chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis (CCPA). This report details an unusual case of an immunocompetent patient presenting with recurrent hydropneumothorax secondary to CCPA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2025-268568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T03:45:19Z","timestamp":1764215119000},"page":"e268568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pulmonary aspergillosis causing recurrent hydropneumothorax in an immunocompetent patient"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7157-6848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident Services Unit, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sai Prakesh","family":"Vaheisvaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong Seok","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025112619451169000_18.11.e268568.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.6.1988"},{"key":"2025112619451169000_18.11.e268568.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2018.06.029"},{"key":"2025112619451169000_18.11.e268568.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00583-2015"},{"key":"2025112619451169000_18.11.e268568.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2024-222662"},{"key":"2025112619451169000_18.11.e268568.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoyer N , Vestbo J . 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