{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T15:34:31Z","timestamp":1774452871501,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neonatal alloimmune neutropenia (ANN) is a rare cause of neutropenia in newborns, resulting from maternal antibodies directed against paternal antigens present on fetal neutrophils, in a mechanism similar to Rh haemolytic disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We present the case of a full-term newborn with severe neutropenia from birth (nadir 110\/\u00b5L) but no clinical signs of infection. As neutropenia persisted beyond the neonatal period, an immunological study was performed, identifying maternal IgG anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II antibodies and positive cross-match tests against paternal and neonatal neutrophils. While these findings suggest anti-HLA antibodies likely contributed to the neutropenia, the absence of glycoprotein-specific confirmatory assays\u2014such as MAIGA (monoclonal antibody immobilisation of granulocyte antigens) or immunoprecipitation\u2014prevents definitive causal attribution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The outcome was favorable with no need for treatment. Neutropenia resolved spontaneously at 22 weeks of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Current literature on this entity is reviewed, highlighting its transient nature and good prognosis in most cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2025-268797","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T14:30:59Z","timestamp":1774449059000},"page":"e268797","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neonatal alloimmune neutropenia associated with maternal anti-HLA antibodies: a conservative interpretation of a rare presentation"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Carlos","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatr\u00edcs, Hospital Universitario de M\u00f3stoles, M\u00f3stoles, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1757-0240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Vidal Esteban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatr\u00edcs, Hospital Universitario de M\u00f3stoles, M\u00f3stoles, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Bermejo G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatr\u00edcs, Hospital Universitario de M\u00f3stoles, M\u00f3stoles, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isaura Margarita","family":"Apostolidis de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatr\u00edcs, Hospital Universitario de M\u00f3stoles, M\u00f3stoles, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(79)80096-7"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.45.240.242"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.3","first-page":"91","article-title":"Detection of anti-neutrophil antibodies in autoimmune neutropenia of infancy: a multicenter study","volume":"12","author":"Sella","year":"2010","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-015-0056-9","article-title":"Immune neutropenias of infancy and childhood","volume":"12","author":"Farruggia","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24187"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2001.02891.x"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2004.03410.x","article-title":"Neonatal neutropenia and bacterial sepsis associated with placental transfer of maternal neutrophil-specific autoantibodies","volume":"44","author":"Davoren","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.8","first-page":"146","article-title":"Neutrophil antigens and antibodies in the diagnosis of immune neutropenias","volume":"19","author":"Madyastha","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1159\/000492949","article-title":"Neonatal Alloimmune Neutropenia","volume":"45","author":"Porcelijn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transfus Med Hemother"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0000000000000010"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1593349","article-title":"Effectiveness of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Hospitalized Infants with Neutropenia","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Amer J Perinatol"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.12","first-page":"405","article-title":"Neutropenia Inmune - Aloinmune neonatal: IgG s\u00e9rica reactiva y fenotipo espec\u00edfico de los neutr\u00f3filos evaluados por citometr\u00eda de flujo","volume":"66","author":"Riera","year":"2006","journal-title":"Medicina (B Aires)"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.21307\/immunohematology-2019-195","article-title":"Granulocyte serology: current concepts and clinical signifcance","volume":"26","author":"Clay","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunohematology"},{"key":"2026032507302122000_19.3.e268797.14","unstructured":"Lalezari P , Khorshidi M . Neutrophil and platelet antibodies in immune neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. In: Rose NR , Macario E , Fahey JL , et al ., eds. Manual of clinical laboratory immunology. 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