{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T18:53:57Z","timestamp":1777661637311,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A male patient in his late 60s presented with sudden-onset chest pain, dry cough and exertional dyspnoea. He had a history of renal cell carcinoma treated with nephrectomy 10 years ago, and a biopsy-proven benign anterior mediastinal mass, thymoma, diagnosed 7 years earlier, for which he denied surgical resection and was lost to follow-up. Imaging revealed a large anterior mediastinal mass with associated left-sided moderate pleural effusion. Image-guided biopsy of the mass confirmed it to be type A thymoma. Thoracoscopy showed normal pleura with haemothorax. Positron emission tomography-CT scan ruled out local invasion and distant spread. A diagnosis of spontaneous haemothorax, likely due to ruptured mediastinal thymoma, was considered. The patient underwent successful video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery resection of the mass, and intraoperative findings confirmed bleeding from the ruptured tumour surface as the source of haemothorax. Postoperatively, the patient recovered uneventfully. This case highlights a rare but important complication of thymoma\u2014spontaneous haemothorax even in non-invasive mediastinal tumours.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2025-268829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T18:15:34Z","timestamp":1764785734000},"page":"e268829","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Spontaneous haemothorax due to a non-invasive mediastinal thymoma"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Rinoosha","family":"Rachel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Yashoda Group of Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manjunath","family":"Bale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yashoda Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, 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