{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T15:04:17Z","timestamp":1779721457822,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Trigeminal trophic syndrome (TTS) is an unusual presentation of painless facial ulceration with associated facial anaesthesia and paraesthesia. The syndrome stems from injury to branches of the trigeminal nerve. TTS can also be triggered by conditions such as ischaemic strokes and herpes zoster virus. The altered superficial sensation to the skin causes irritation along the distribution of the trigeminal nerve, usually described as burning and tingling. This sensation leads to repetitive scratching and rubbing over the affected area. Self-manipulation injuries then progress into an erosive ulcer, typically around the cheek, face and lateral nasal ala. We present the cases of two patients with erosive lateral nasal ulcers and a history of ipsilateral vestibular schwannoma repair. In both cases, symptoms resolved following diagnosis and treatment for TTS. We also provide a literature review of the condition, including a summary of the most recently published case reports.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2025-270507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T14:30:20Z","timestamp":1779719420000},"page":"e270507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trigeminal trophic syndrome: recognising a pattern"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8656-0240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muonga Chiyokoma","family":"Kabaso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ear Nose and Throat, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayfa","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Shakeel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026052507301124000_19.5.e270507.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.5114\/dr.2018.78075","article-title":"Trigeminal trophic syndrome associated with post-herpetic neuralgia \u2013 report of a rare case with review of literature","volume":"105","author":"Kaul","year":"2018","journal-title":"pd"},{"key":"2026052507301124000_19.5.e270507.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2024.104354","article-title":"Trigeminal trophic syndrome: a systematic review","volume":"45","author":"Finucane","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2026052507301124000_19.5.e270507.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2022.01.008","article-title":"Trigeminal trophic syndrome: an unusual nasal ulceration. 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Trigeminal trophic syndrome associated with intense itching, eye rubbing and ipsilateral keratoconus after trigeminal decompression surgery: a case report. 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Onabotulinum toxin a used to treat trichotillomania and trigeminal trophic syndrome. 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