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This case highlights both the diagnostic challenge of distinguishing CAP from tuberculosis in high-risk populations and the therapeutic value of corticosteroids as an adjunctive treatment in severe CAP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2025-270750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T14:55:17Z","timestamp":1776178517000},"page":"e270750","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Community-acquired pneumonia mimicking tuberculosis in a patient with Down syndrome treated with adjunctive injectable corticosteroids"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Alushika","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiodiagnosis, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajasbala","family":"Dhande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiodiagnosis, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences - Wardha Campus, Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pratapsingh","family":"Parihar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiodiagnosis, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0369-6348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amit","family":"Toshniwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041407551357000_19.4.e270750.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320460509"},{"key":"2026041407551357000_19.4.e270750.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-304611"},{"key":"2026041407551357000_19.4.e270750.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2011.02077.x"},{"key":"2026041407551357000_19.4.e270750.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.14740\/ijcp384","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in a 13-Year-Old Girl With Down\u2019s Syndrome During the COVID-19 Pandemic","volume":"9","author":"Corbisier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr"},{"key":"2026041407551357000_19.4.e270750.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)62447-8"},{"key":"2026041407551357000_19.4.e270750.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.88"},{"key":"2026041407551357000_19.4.e270750.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-0715"},{"key":"2026041407551357000_19.4.e270750.8","article-title":"Corticosteroids for pneumonia","volume":"12","author":"Stern","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2026041407551357000_19.4.e270750.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2215145"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-270750","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T14:55:18Z","timestamp":1776178518000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-270750"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2025-270750"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-270750","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}}}