{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T15:02:06Z","timestamp":1790002926584,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","funder":[{"name":"Yamaha Corporation"},{"name":"Female Faculty Promotion Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A male clarinettist in his 50s presented with upper lip pain caused by repeated contact with his maxillary incisors during performance. Clinical examination revealed a whitish lesion on the upper labial mucosa, with otherwise healthy dentition aside from sharp-edged maxillary anterior teeth. Music splints consisting of acrylic lip shields of two thicknesses were fabricated and tested. Psychoacoustic analysis and patient self-assessment guided selection of the optimal splint, which demonstrated superior dynamic control and playing comfort. The mucosal lesion resolved within 3 weeks and the patient continued using the splint for practice and performance, with long-term follow-up showing sustained use for 16 years. This case highlights the importance of individualised design in music splints, demonstrating that careful material and thickness selection can prevent soft-tissue trauma, support embouchure stability and maintain musical performance over the long term.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2025-271415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T14:15:32Z","timestamp":1790000132000},"page":"e271415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dental appliance for playing music: fabrication and acoustic analysis of performance"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2802-8016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariko","family":"Hattori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Prosthodontics, Institute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Sumita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Prosthodontics, Institute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Partial and Complete Denture, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Wakabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Prosthodontics, Institute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.1","first-page":"393","article-title":"Dental problems in wind instrument playing. 1. Dental aspects of embouchure","volume":"21","author":"Porter","year":"1967","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.21091\/mppa.2016.4038","article-title":"Fundamentals of Embouchure in Brass Players: Towards a Definition and Clinical Assessment","volume":"31","author":"Woldendorp","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Probl Perform Art"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2019.06.010","article-title":"A new classification of wind instruments: Orofacial considerations","volume":"9","author":"Clemente","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Oral Biol Craniofac Res"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.21091\/mppa.2017.4038","article-title":"Fundamental Tongue Motions for Trumpet Playing: A Study Using Cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Cine MRI)","volume":"32","author":"Furuhashi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Probl Perform Art"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-020-00223-9","article-title":"Does playing a wind instrument influence tooth position and facial morphology? : Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"81","author":"van der Weijden","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-018-0128-2","article-title":"Influence of tooth position on wind instrumentalists\u2019 performance and embouchure comfort : A systematic review","volume":"79","author":"van der Weijden","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-019-0013-4","article-title":"Improvement of embouchure after correction of irregular front teeth: the case of a professional French horn player","volume":"226","author":"van der Weijden","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.11607\/ijp.9045","article-title":"Influence of Playing Musical Instruments on Geometrical Face Changes: 3D Evaluation Study","volume":"38","author":"Hattori","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hattori M , Tanabe G , Patzelt SBM , et al . Visualization of oral function during playing a wind instrument by a lateral dental impression: a proof-of-concept investigation. Front Oral Health 2025;6. doi:10.3389\/froh.2025.1522642","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2025.1522642"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.10","first-page":"441","article-title":"Dental problems in wind instrument playing. 2. Single-reed instruments--the lip shield","volume":"123","author":"Porter","year":"1967","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2002.tb00296.x"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1975.0251","article-title":"An embouchure aid for clarinet and saxophone players","volume":"90","author":"Krivin","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tanabe G , Hattori M , Obata S , et al . Case Report: Psychoacoustic Analysis of a Clarinet Performance With a Custom-Made Soft Lip Shield Worn to Prevent Mucosal Erosion of Lower Lip. Front Psychol 2022;13. doi:10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.852866","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.852866"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2021.06.044","article-title":"Evaluation of the optimal hardness and thickness of music splints for wind instrument players","volume":"129","author":"Nii","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1974.0433","article-title":"Dental considerations in the playing of musical instruments","volume":"89","author":"Herman","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1908963"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.17","first-page":"1","article-title":"Psychoacoustic evaluation of the human voice: gender and age differences in the production of 14 consonants","volume":"5","author":"Hattori","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Oral Res"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.12166","article-title":"Sound analysis of a musical performance to evaluate prosthodontic treatment for a clarinet player","volume":"24","author":"Hattori","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Prosthodont"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hattori M , Patzelt SBM , Itoh M , et al . Case Report: Dental treatment for an oboist: Post-trauma prosthetic rehabilitation and evaluation of musical performance. Front Psychol 2022;13. doi:10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1022205","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1022205"},{"key":"2026092107151085000_19.9.e271415.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.2007.01765.x","article-title":"Influence of playing wind instruments on activity of masticatory muscles","volume":"34","author":"Gotouda","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-271415","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T14:15:36Z","timestamp":1790000136000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-271415"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2025-271415"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2025-271415","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}}}