{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T17:12:00Z","timestamp":1784826720359,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Paediatric parotid masses are relatively rare clinical entities, with pleomorphic adenoma representing the predominant benign aetiology. We document the clinical trajectory of a male patient in middle childhood presenting with an asymptomatic, progressive left parotid mass. Although preliminary MRI and cytology favoured a diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma, the patient underwent a left superficial parotidectomy for definitive management. Histopathological assessment unveiled an unencapsulated spindle cell neoplasm characterised by a vague nodular architecture, hyalinised stroma and increased mitotic activity. While the presence of smooth muscle actin and desmin expression raised the possibility of a low-grade sarcoma, the absence of marked pleomorphism, infiltrative margins and specific immunohistochemical markers confirmed a diagnosis of myofibroma, likely the \u2018atypical\u2019 variant. This case underscores the diagnostic complexities associated with rare paediatric mesenchymal tumours of parotid and validates the necessity of precise clinicopathological correlation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2026-273049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T16:45:24Z","timestamp":1784825124000},"page":"e273049","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Paediatric myofibroma of the parotid gland: a rare masquerade of pleomorphic adenoma"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Rohan","family":"Patil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6408-0447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nitin","family":"Pai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5631-3933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sundeep","family":"Payyanur Thotan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vidya","family":"Viswanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Acdemy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072309451487000_19.7.e273049.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.33545\/26646455.2025.v7.i2a.69","article-title":"Salivary Gland Tumours in Children and Adolescents: A 60 Case Study","volume":"7","author":"Bashar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Otolaryngology Res"},{"key":"2026072309451487000_19.7.e273049.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(11)80220-7"},{"key":"2026072309451487000_19.7.e273049.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Souza LL , Fonseca FP , C\u00e1ceres CV , et al . Head and neck myofibroma: A case series of 16 cases and literature review. Med Oral 2024;e734\u201341. doi:10.4317\/medoral.26673","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.26673"},{"key":"2026072309451487000_19.7.e273049.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.126.2.177","article-title":"Pediatric parotid masses","volume":"126","author":"Orvidas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"2026072309451487000_19.7.e273049.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000811","article-title":"Recurrent SRF-RELA Fusions Define a Novel Subset of Cellular Myofibroma\/Myopericytoma: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall With Sarcomas With Myogenic Differentiation","volume":"41","author":"Antonescu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2026072309451487000_19.7.e273049.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.IJDR_405_19","article-title":"A rare case of solitary palatal myofibroma in a young pediatric patient","volume":"34","author":"Wakhloo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"key":"2026072309451487000_19.7.e273049.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1432764","article-title":"Pediatric Myofibroma of the Palate with Ulceration and Bone Destruction","volume":"2016","author":"Capo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Case Rep Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2026072309451487000_19.7.e273049.8","first-page":"ZD13","article-title":"Solitary Myofibroma of the Mandible in a Six-Year Old-Child: Diagnosis of a Rare Lesion","volume":"11","author":"Chattaraj","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"2026072309451487000_19.7.e273049.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zangh\u00ec A , Cavallaro A , Marchi M , et al . Surgical management of benign tumors of the parotid gland: the advantages of extracapsular dissection compared to traditional surgical techniques. Front Surg 2024;11. doi:10.3389\/fsurg.2024.1415485","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2024.1415485"},{"key":"2026072309451487000_19.7.e273049.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang L , Jiang X , Wu W , et al . Endoscopic surgery combined with titanium mesh for infantile solitary orbital myofibroma: a case report. 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