{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T16:09:43Z","timestamp":1780070983428,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article describes the case of a male patient in his late 40s with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) 25 years ago who presented with a decade-long recurrent cough, sputum production and frequent pneumonia. His symptoms were repeatedly wrongly credited to TB reactivation or reinfection, leading to several unnecessary courses of anti-tubercular therapy. A decisive high-resolution CT thorax revealed the pathognomonic features of Mounier-Kuhn syndrome such as marked tracheobronchomegaly and airway diverticulosis. This provided an appropriate explanation for his clinical course. This case highlights a critical diagnostic pitfall, emphasising the need to consider structural airway diseases in patients with a history of TB whose symptoms follow an atypical or refractory pattern, thereby avoiding unnecessary treatments and guiding appropriate management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2026-273335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:55:24Z","timestamp":1780070124000},"page":"e273335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anchoring bias in a post-tuberculosis patient: delayed diagnosis of Mounier-Kuhn syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5153-0996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amisha Harish","family":"Soni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Deemed to be University, Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1553-7268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Babaji","family":"Ghewade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Deemed to be University, Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nandani","family":"Goswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indira Gandhi Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6708-4188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viraj Vishal","family":"Wadhera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Deemed to be University, Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0456-9412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poonam Avinash","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Deemed to be University, Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3416-0198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mummaneni","family":"Rashmika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Deemed to be University, Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026052908551494000_19.5.e273335.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00005382-199104000-00003","article-title":"Congenital tracheobronchomegaly (Mounier-Kuhn syndrome): a report of 10 cases and review of the literature","volume":"6","author":"Woodring","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Thorac Imaging"},{"key":"2026052908551494000_19.5.e273335.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SMJ.0b013e31815d4259"},{"key":"2026052908551494000_19.5.e273335.3","first-page":"331","article-title":"Mounier-Kuhn syndrome: a systematic analysis of 128 cases published in the last 25 years","volume":"7","author":"Krustins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"2026052908551494000_19.5.e273335.4","first-page":"194","article-title":"Mounier-Kuhn syndrome: a rare cause of bronchial dilation","volume":"38","author":"Celik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"key":"2026052908551494000_19.5.e273335.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.176.3.1760713","article-title":"Diffuse abnormalities of the trachea and main bronchi","volume":"176","author":"Marom","year":"2001","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2026052908551494000_19.5.e273335.6","unstructured":"Chandran A , Sagar P , Bhalla AS , et al . n.d. Mounier-Kuhn syndrome. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci."},{"key":"2026052908551494000_19.5.e273335.7","unstructured":"Gentry S , Dincer HE . Tracheobronchomegaly (mounier-kuhn syndrome). In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2020."},{"key":"2026052908551494000_19.5.e273335.8","first-page":"1200","article-title":"ERS guidelines on the management of bronchiectasis","volume":"46","author":"Lonni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2026-273335","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:55:26Z","timestamp":1780070126000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2026-273335"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2026-273335"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2026-273335","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}}}