{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:13:59Z","timestamp":1761894839873,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies are described in stiff-person syndrome and also in other neurological syndromes, including cerebellar ataxia and epilepsy. This paper reports the case of a patient who had chronic focal epilepsy, upbeat nystagmus and cerebellar ataxia, associated with a polyautoimmune response including anti-GAD antibodies. Both gait and nystagmus improved markedly after immunosuppressive treatment with corticosteroids and azathioprine. After the introduction of benzodiazepines, previously refractory seizures were completely controlled. Anti-GAD antibodies should be actively sought out in pharmacoresistant epilepsy, particularly if other neurological abnormalities are present. Combined treatment with immunosuppressants and \u03b3hydroxybutyric acidergic agents may be highly effective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr.09.2008.0977","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,2]],"date-time":"2009-02-02T06:49:47Z","timestamp":1233557387000},"page":"bcr0920080977","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Epilepsy and cerebellar ataxia associated with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2009","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Vulliemoz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital, rue Micheli-du Crest 24, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Vanini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital, rue Micheli-du Crest 24, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Truffert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital, rue Micheli-du Crest 24, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Chizzolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital, rue Micheli-du Crest 24, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Seeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital, rue Micheli-du Crest 24, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005313222202"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.2.225"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.1.46"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000187129.66353.13"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)79193-5"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(00)00180-7"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.65.5.633"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.8.1300"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.74.7.998"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02431-4"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858402238515"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440209"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2004.00933.x"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.2.818","article-title":"Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in Stiff-man syndrome and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus exhibit similarities and differences in epitope recognition","volume":"156","author":"Daw","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.71.1.100"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-005-1105-4"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-4-20"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.25.14060"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(03)00534-9"},{"key":"2025082800501679000_2009.aug09_1.bcr0920080977.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.4.1133-a","article-title":"Improvement of Stiff-man syndrome with vigabatrin","volume":"48","author":"Prevett","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr.09.2008.0977","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T07:50:21Z","timestamp":1756367421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr.09.2008.0977"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr.09.2008.0977"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr.09.2008.0977","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]]}}}