{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T16:17:08Z","timestamp":1787674628657,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:italic> is associated with a spectrum of diseases including meningoencephalitis, pneumonia and soft tissue infections. Incidence is higher in immunocompromised hosts like HIV-infected individuals and solid organ transplant recipients. The influenza virus is known to cause immunologic defects. Additionally, the 2009-pandemic H1N1 virus is associated with increased incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requiring treatment with systemic steroids. The authors present the first case of cryptococcal meningitis in a patient with flu A-associated ARDS (FLAARDS). In this patient, risk factors for invasive fungal disease included a combination of severe and prolonged H1N1-influenza virus infection, corticosteroid therapy and broad-spectrum antibiotics. While prolonged corticosteroid use is a known risk factor for development of invasive fungal disease, the authors postulate that by causing immunologic defects and FLAARDS, the 2009-pandemic H1N1 virus may represent an additional independent risk for the development of <jats:italic>C neoformans<\/jats:italic> meningitis in a previously healthy individual.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr.11.2011.5224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,11]],"date-time":"2012-01-11T06:28:51Z","timestamp":1326263331000},"page":"bcr1120115224","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cryptococccal meningoencephalitis after H1N1 influenza"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Alireza","family":"Hosseinnezhad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alwyn","family":"Rapose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082803065934000_2012.jan10_1.bcr1120115224.1","unstructured":"Casadevall A . Cryptococcosis. In: Fauci A Braunwald E Kasper D Hauser S Longo D Jameson J , eds. Harrison\u00e2\u0080\u0099s Principles of Internal Medicine. 17th Edition. USA: Mc Graw Hill Medical 2008:1251\u00e2\u0080\u00933."},{"key":"2025082803065934000_2012.jan10_1.bcr1120115224.2","first-page":"170","article-title":"Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza (\u00e2\u0080\u009cswine flu\u00e2\u0080\u009d) in Australian and New Zealand intensive care.","volume":"11","author":"Webb","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care Resusc"},{"key":"2025082803065934000_2012.jan10_1.bcr1120115224.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.11.004"},{"key":"2025082803065934000_2012.jan10_1.bcr1120115224.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-009-1727-6"},{"key":"2025082803065934000_2012.jan10_1.bcr1120115224.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3777","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.137.12.3777","article-title":"Influenza virus infection induces functional alterations in peripheral blood lymphocytes.","volume":"137","author":"Lewis","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2025082803065934000_2012.jan10_1.bcr1120115224.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1606.100165","article-title":"Invasive aspergillosis after pandemic (H1N1) 2009.","volume":"16","author":"Lat","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerging Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr.11.2011.5224","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T10:07:10Z","timestamp":1756375630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr.11.2011.5224"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,11]]},"references-count":6,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr.11.2011.5224"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr.11.2011.5224","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,11]]}}}