{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T22:07:42Z","timestamp":1766182062035,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To establish topographic maps and determine fundus distribution patterns of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective study, patients who presented with OT to ophthalmology clinics from four countries (Argentina, Turkey, UK, USA) were included. Size, shape and location of primary (1\u00b0)\/recurrent (2\u00b0) and active\/inactive lesions were converted into a two-dimensional retinal chart by a retinal drawing software. A final contour map of the merged image charts was then created using a custom Matlab programme. Descriptive analyses were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>984 lesions in 514 eyes of 464 subjects (53% women) were included. Mean area of all 1\u00b0 and 2\u00b0 lesions was 5.96\u00b112.26\u2009and 5.21\u00b112.77\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, respectively. For the subset group lesions (eyes with both 1\u00b0 and 2\u00b0 lesions), 1\u00b0 lesions were significantly larger than 2\u00b0 lesions (5.52\u00b16.04\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>vs 4.09\u00b18.90\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, p=0.038). Mean distances from foveola to 1\u00b0 and 2\u00b0 lesion centres were 6336\u00b14267\u2009and 5763\u00b13491\u2009\u00b5m, respectively. The majority of lesions were found in temporal quadrant (p&lt;0.001). Maximum overlap of all lesions was at 278\u2009\u00b5m inferotemporal to foveola.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 1\u00b0 lesions were larger than 2\u00b0 lesions. The 2\u00b0 lesions were not significantly closer to fovea than 1\u00b0 lesions. Temporal quadrant and macular region were found to be densely affected underlining the vision threatening nature of the disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2022-322747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,19]],"date-time":"2023-03-19T07:49:02Z","timestamp":1679212142000},"page":"bjo-2022-322747","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fundus topographical distribution patterns of ocular toxoplasmosis"],"prefix":"10.1136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9885-5653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murat","family":"Hasanreisoglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Sohail","family":"Halim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pinar","family":"Cakar Ozdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Soledad","family":"Ormaechea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6747-1534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cem","family":"Kesim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huseyin Baran","family":"Ozdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunay","family":"Uludag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nripun","family":"Sredar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmut","family":"Cankurtaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7849-0087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alastair Keith","family":"Denniston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcelo N.","family":"Rudzinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel N.","family":"Colombero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1202-8660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardo Ariel","family":"Schlaen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pearse Andrew","family":"Keane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Pavesio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9033-8117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quan Dong","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023031900471468000_bjo-2022-322747v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.77.6.371"},{"key":"2023031900471468000_bjo-2022-322747v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2008.06.027"},{"key":"2023031900471468000_bjo-2022-322747v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2003.10.032"},{"key":"2023031900471468000_bjo-2022-322747v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2005.00747.x"},{"key":"2023031900471468000_bjo-2022-322747v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1989.01070020841024"},{"key":"2023031900471468000_bjo-2022-322747v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12641","article-title":"Determination of retinal surface area","volume":"231","author":"Nagra","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"2023031900471468000_bjo-2022-322747v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1964.00970020592003"},{"key":"2023031900471468000_bjo-2022-322747v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1969.00990010483005"},{"key":"2023031900471468000_bjo-2022-322747v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)72057-4"},{"key":"2023031900471468000_bjo-2022-322747v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09273948.2011.564068"},{"key":"2023031900471468000_bjo-2022-322747v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/0927-3948(200009)8:3;1-K;FT149"},{"key":"2023031900471468000_bjo-2022-322747v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2733","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01290-3","article-title":"Comparison between the areas of scarred and active toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis","volume":"35","author":"Duraffour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjo-2022-322747","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,19]],"date-time":"2023-03-19T07:49:09Z","timestamp":1679212149000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjo.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjo-2022-322747"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]]},"references-count":12,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjo-2022-322747"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo-2022-322747","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1161","1468-2079"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0007-1161"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-2079"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]]}}}