{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:00:13Z","timestamp":1791979213155,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health\/NCI","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and associated risk factors of orbital\/periocular complications in patients with sinonasal tumour with orbital invasion managed with eye-sparing treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective case series of patients with primary sinonasal tumour with orbital invasion from January 2008 to December 2018. Patient factors were compared between the following groups: (1)patients with orbital\/periocular complications versus those who did not and (2) patients who needed secondary oculoplastic surgical procedures versus those who did not.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of 80 patients, 48 had eye-sparing surgery, 8 had orbital exenteration and 24 were managed non-surgically. The most common histology was squamous cell carcinoma (n=28, 35%). Among the eye-sparing treatment group, 51\/72 patients experienced one or more orbital\/periocular complication(s), with motility deficit (N=26, 36%) being the most frequent. Factors associated with higher risk of complications included tumour involving the orbital floor (p=0.019), clinical disease stage III\/IV (p=0.038), maxillectomy (p=0.004), resection of the orbital floor (p=0.027) and cigarette smoking (p=0.041). Tumour involving the orbital floor had an OR of 3.9 (95% CI 1.3 to 11.6, p=0.016) in predicting orbital\/periocular complication. In the eye-sparing surgery group, the most frequent secondary oculoplastic procedures was dacryocystorhinostomy (n=6, 13%). The use of a free flap in reconstruction had an OR of 8.2 (95% CI 2.1 to 31.8, p=0.002) in predicting need for secondary oculoplastic surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Majority of patients with sinonasal tumours and secondary orbital invasion were managed with eye-sparing multidisciplinary treatments. Preservation of the eye can lead to reasonably good functional outcome despite expected orbital and periocular complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2022-322855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T13:20:55Z","timestamp":1674825655000},"page":"465-470","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Orbital and periocular complications in patients with sinonasal tumours with orbital 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