{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T01:43:42Z","timestamp":1793497422870,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008353","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Assist\u00eancia do Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FAEPA: 1901\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAEPA: 1901\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008353","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNPq:400167\/2016\u20136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNPq:400167\/2016\u20136"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the effect of gender on the clinical features and outcomes of ocular toxoplasmosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>262 patients (139 women and 123 men) presenting to a tertiary referral uveitis service in Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil, with serological and clinical evidence of ocular toxoplasmosis were prospectively enrolled in an observational study. Predefined data items including demographics, descriptors of uveitis and ocular toxoplasmosis, best-corrected visual acuity and ocular complications were disaggregated by gender and compared statistically.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Approximately equal numbers of women and men had active versus inactive ocular toxoplasmosis. In both women and men, most infections were remotely acquired. Men were significantly more likely to present with primary active disease than women (24.4% vs 12.9%); conversely, women were significantly more likely to present with recurrent active disease than men (36.0% vs 28.5%). One toxoplasmic retinal lesion was observed in more eyes of men than eyes of women (50.4% vs 35.3%), while women\u2019s eyes were more likely to have multiple lesions than men\u2019s eyes (54.7% vs 39.8%). Lesions in women\u2019s eyes were significantly more likely to occur at the posterior pole compared with those in men\u2019s eyes (56.1% vs 39.8%). Measures of vision were similar for women and men. There were no significant differences in measures of visual acuity, ocular complications, and occurrence and timing of reactivations between the genders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ocular toxoplasmosis has equivalent outcomes in women and men, with clinical differences in the form and type of disease, as well as characteristics of the retinal lesion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2023-323227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T17:20:14Z","timestamp":1684948814000},"page":"710-714","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of gender on clinical features and outcomes of ocular toxoplasmosis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Matilda 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