{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T14:28:58Z","timestamp":1754144938298,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EY00130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY00130"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007817","name":"Alcon Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Alcon Research Institute Young Investigator Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Alcon Research Institute Young Investigator Award"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007817","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Latham Vision Research","award":["Latham Vision Research Innovation Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Latham Vision Research Innovation Award"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Violet Sees","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background\/aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Handheld swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) was previously used to measure foveal maturity through semiautomated methods in awake premature infants. This study assesses the relationship between foveal maturity and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) severity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This is a prospective, observational study using handheld SS-OCT imaging of premature infants undergoing ROP screening. A semiautomated segmentation algorithm measured foveal angle, total retinal cross-sectional area, and retinal and choroid thicknesses at the fovea and parafovea, excluding significant macular oedema. Measures were correlated with ROP severity using a mixed model approach.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>99 eye imaging sessions from 26 preterm infants were included. Average birth weight was 1057.6\u00b1324.8 g. Gestational age and postmenstrual age at imaging were 29.1\u00b13.0\u2009and 36.1\u00b13.8 weeks, respectively. Stage 3 ROP occurred in 16\/99 (16.2%) exams. Shallow foveal angle and higher inner retinal fovea\/parafoveal (F\/P) ratio correlated with more posterior ROP zone (zone 2: 119.2\u00b0\u00b120.9\u00b0 vs zone 3: 96.5\u00b0\u00b116.7\u00b0 and zone 2: 0.6\u00b10.2\u2009vs zone 3: 0.4\u00b10.1, respectively, both p&lt;0.001). Inner retinal F\/P ratio was greater in eyes with higher ROP stage (stage 3: 0.6\u00b10.2\u2009vs stage 0 or mature: 0.4\u00b10.2, p=0.03) but this relationship was not seen for outer retina (p=0.29). Larger retinal cross-sectional area coincided with worse ROP stage (stage 3: 1.9\u00b10.06\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> vs stage 0 or mature: 1.6\u00b10.04\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, p&lt;0.001) and zone (zone 2: 1.6\u00b10.04\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> vs zone 3: 1.7\u00b10.04\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, p=0.01).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>SS-OCT semiautomated measurements of inner retinal F\/P ratio, foveal angle and retinal cross-sectional area may serve as ROP severity biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2023-324220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T13:20:56Z","timestamp":1732713656000},"page":"549-553","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Semiautomated measures of foveal immaturity from handheld swept-source optical coherence tomography are associated with retinopathy of prematurity severity"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5982-1140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily K","family":"Tam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen E","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wills Eye Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumner E","family":"Lawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatiana R","family":"Monger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex T","family":"Legocki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John P","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yujiao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leona","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Tarczy-Hornoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5169-8822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruikang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8218-0775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle T","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025071523150780000_109.5.549.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000519635"},{"key":"2025071523150780000_109.5.549.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.11.28","article-title":"The Fovea in Retinopathy of Prematurity","volume":"61","author":"Akula","year":"2020","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis 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Optical Coherence Tomography","volume":"12","author":"Lawson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"key":"2025071523150780000_109.5.549.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-7155"},{"key":"2025071523150780000_109.5.549.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002622"},{"key":"2025071523150780000_109.5.549.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000866"},{"key":"2025071523150780000_109.5.549.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.5052"},{"key":"2025071523150780000_109.5.549.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e611","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14324","article-title":"Choroidal structural changes in preterm children with and without retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"98","author":"Lavric","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta 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