{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T09:57:02Z","timestamp":1775728622867,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background\/aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To report the long-term visual outcomes and side effects in patients with small choroidal melanoma (CM) undergoing ruthenium-106 (Ru-106) plaque brachytherapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retrospective, interventional, consecutive series of small CM \u22642.5\u2009mm in height and \u226416\u2009mm in largest basal diameter treated with Ru-106 plaque with a median radiation dose of 100 Gy prescribed to tumour apical height.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>310 patients (160 men) with a mean (SD) age of 58.4\u00b114.1 years met the study inclusion criteria. The median follow-up was 57.5 (range 3.4\u2013170.5) months. The mean tumour baseline thickness was 1.9\u00b10.4 (range 0.4\u20132.5)\u2009mm. The mean baseline logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.21\u00b10.4 (Snellen equivalent 6\/9; range \u22120.1 to 1.5). Mean final BCVA was \u22640.3 logMAR (Snellen equivalent 6\/12) in 161 patients (54.2%), better than 1.0 logMAR (Snellen equivalent 6\/60) and &lt;0.3 logMAR in 59 patients (19.9%), and \u22651.0 logMAR in 77 patients (25.9%). Kaplan-Meier estimates of poor final VA (\u22651.0 logMAR) were 13.2% at 5 years and 54.5% at 10 years. Early and late complications developed in 20.6% and 42.6% of cases, respectively. Radiation maculopathy was the most frequent late side effect (29% of patients) with Kaplan-Meier rates of 18.2%, 31.7% and 42.1% at 3, 5 and 10 years, respectively. Older age, lipofuscin, proximity to fovea, final tumour elevation and radiation maculopathy predicted visual loss \u22655 Snellen lines.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Despite early and late complications in 20.6% and 42.6% of cases, Ru-106 brachytherapy for small CM allows retention of BCVA \u22640.3 logMAR in half of the eyes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2023-324686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T13:21:16Z","timestamp":1738156876000},"page":"809-815","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Long-term visual outcomes and side effects of ruthenium plaque brachytherapy in 310 eyes with small choroidal melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6862-6227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatrice","family":"Gallo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Oncology Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohan","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Oncology Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3118-3706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ranaa","family":"Al-Jamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Oncology Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Ocular Oncology Service, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hagar","family":"Khalid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Retina Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Stoker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Physics, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gordon","family":"Hay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Oncology Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amit K","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Oncology Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mandeep S","family":"Sagoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Oncology Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Medical Retina Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025071523150916000_109.7.809.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.166"},{"key":"2025071523150916000_109.7.809.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.3881"},{"key":"2025071523150916000_109.7.809.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.01.031"},{"key":"2025071523150916000_109.7.809.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1997.01100160056009"},{"key":"2025071523150916000_109.7.809.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.3880"},{"key":"2025071523150916000_109.7.809.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(82)80116-0"},{"key":"2025071523150916000_109.7.809.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.14.4.145"},{"key":"2025071523150916000_109.7.809.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.119.7.969"},{"key":"2025071523150916000_109.7.809.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.118.9.1219"},{"key":"2025071523150916000_109.7.809.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2004.03.027"},{"key":"2025071523150916000_109.7.809.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00526-1"},{"key":"2025071523150916000_109.7.809.12","unstructured":"Simpson E , Grossniklaus H . 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