{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T13:18:39Z","timestamp":1780319919102,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To report local tumour control, metastasis and survival rates of patients with small choroidal melanoma (CM) after treatment with ruthenium-106 (Ru-106) plaque brachytherapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective case series of 353 consecutive eyes with small CM (thickness \u22642.5\u2009mm and largest basal diameter \u226416\u2009mm) treated with Ru-106 brachytherapy at the London Ocular Oncology Service, between October 2004 and May 2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The final cohort included 310 eyes and tumour recurrence was observed in 52 (17%) eyes. Ocular retention rate was 96%. Metastatic disease and tumour-related death occurred in 18 (5.8%) and 12 (3.9%) patients, respectively. Metastases were diagnosed after a median of 54 (54\u00b135; range 3.6\u2013118) months from initial treatment. Kaplan-Meier estimates for tumour recurrence, melanoma-related metastases and survival were 17% (95% CI 13.3% to 22.9%), 4.8% (95% CI 2.6% to 8.5%) and 98% (95% CI 94.4% to 99.1%) at 5 years and 26% (95% CI 18.3% to 35.3%), 16% (95% CI 8.7% to 27.7%) and 92% (95% CI 84.5% to 95.7%) at 10 years, respectively. On multivariable analysis, factors predictive for tumour recurrence included juxtapapillary location, larger plaque and final tumour thickness, and for metastasis exudative retinal detachment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Small CMs treated with Ru-106 brachytherapy show recurrence and death rates of 17% and 2% at 5 years and 26% and 8% at 10 years. As small CMs have better prognosis than large tumours, early treatment is the key for better survival outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2023-324687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]],"date-time":"2024-07-04T17:20:19Z","timestamp":1720113619000},"page":"76-82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Local tumour control and patient survival after ruthenium-106 brachytherapy for small choroidal melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6862-6227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatrice","family":"Gallo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohan","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3118-3706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ranaa","family":"Al-Jamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hagar","family":"Khalid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Stoker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordon","family":"Hay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit K","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter W","family":"Szlosarek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandeep S","family":"Sagoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025040105502108000_109.1.76.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(88)90173-7"},{"key":"2025040105502108000_109.1.76.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.120.12.1665"},{"key":"2025040105502108000_109.1.76.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.119.7.969"},{"key":"2025040105502108000_109.1.76.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(82)80116-0"},{"key":"2025040105502108000_109.1.76.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21409"},{"key":"2025040105502108000_109.1.76.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-317949"},{"key":"2025040105502108000_109.1.76.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.3880"},{"key":"2025040105502108000_109.1.76.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00182-2"},{"key":"2025040105502108000_109.1.76.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-0538"},{"key":"2025040105502108000_109.1.76.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11060856","article-title":"Pilot study of circulating tumor cells in early-stage and metastatic uveal melanoma","volume":"11","author":"Anand","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"2025040105502108000_109.1.76.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beasley A , Isaacs T , Khattak MA , et al . 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