{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T04:02:58Z","timestamp":1793246578352,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"CUHK Jockey Club Myopia Prevention Programme","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]},{"name":"Research Grants Council, Hong Kong","award":["14102422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14102422"]}]},{"name":"Collaborative Research","award":["C7149-20G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C7149-20G"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82425017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82425017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004853","name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WW\/SC\/rc\/SIEF2324\/0366\/24vw & TL\/JF\/rc\/SIEF2223\/07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WW\/SC\/rc\/SIEF2324\/0366\/24vw & TL\/JF\/rc\/SIEF2223\/07"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004853","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF), Hong Kong","award":["09202466"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["09202466"]}]},{"name":"Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF), Hong Kong","award":["10210246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10210246"]}]},{"name":"Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF), Hong Kong","award":["11220206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11220206"]}]},{"name":"CUHK Jockey Club Children\u2019s Eye Care Programme","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The association between vitamin D deficiency and cataract is debated, with limited longitudinal data on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in cataract development. This study aimed to examine both cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and cataract risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cross-sectional analyses included 442\u2009255 UK Biobank participants with available serum 25(OH)D data. For longitudinal analyses, 427\u2009923 participants without baseline cataract were assessed. Logistic regression models and Cox proportional hazards models were conducted to evaluate the associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and cataract risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the cross-sectional analyses, higher serum 25(OH)D quartiles were inversely associated with cataract risk (p for trend &lt;0.001). Longitudinal analyses, with a mean follow-up of 10.8 years, showed significant associations between vitamin D deficiency and increased incident cataract risk (HR 1.11, 95%\u2009CI 1.07 to 1.15). Compared with the reference group (50\u201375\u2009nmol\/L), participants with severe vitamin D deficiency (&lt;25\u2009nmol\/L) had a 27% (HR 1.27, 95%\u2009CI 1.07 to 1.49), 12% (HR 1.12, 95%\u2009CI 1.04 to 1.21) and 9% (HR 1.09, 95%\u2009CI 1.04 to 1.14) higher risk of developing cataract among individuals below 50, 50\u201360 and above 60 years, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study identified significant cross-sectional and prospective associations between vitamin D deficiency and increased cataract risk, with younger individuals being more susceptible. These findings emphasise the importance of early monitoring and intervention to address vitamin D deficiency and mitigate cataract risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2024-326716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T17:20:15Z","timestamp":1755537615000},"page":"39-45","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with cataract: a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of the UK Biobank"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzhou","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvin L","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Pui","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China"},{"name":"Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4407-6907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clement 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