{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:09:01Z","timestamp":1791842941761,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82401283"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82401283"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission","award":["KM202410025011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KM202410025011"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022815","name":"Beijing Tongren Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 2023-YJJ-ZZL-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2023-YJJ-ZZL-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022815","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to compare the efficacy of different interventions for myopia control in children, including 0.01% atropine (AP), orthokeratology (Ortho-k), and repeated low-level red-light therapy (RLRL), and their combinations by conducting a network meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in PubMed, Web of Science and Embase. The primary outcomes were the mean changes in the cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) and axial length (AL) at the 12-month follow-up. A Bayesian random-effects network meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled weighted mean differences and 95% credible intervals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The analysis included 41 RCTs with 6434 eyes. Compared with the control group, all interventions were found to be effective at slowing myopia progression, combining direct and indirect evidence at the 12-month follow-up: RLRL therapy (AL \u22120.31 (0.39, 0.24), p&lt;0.05; SE 0.76 (0.54, 0.98), p&lt;0.05), 0.01% atropine (AL \u22120.13 (\u22120.20, 0.07), p&lt;0.05; SE 0.25 (0.08, 0.42), p&lt;0.05), Ortho-k therapy (AL \u22120.16 (\u22120.26, 0.06), p&lt;0.05; SE 0.58 (0.05, 1.13), p&lt;0.05) and 0.01% atropine+Ortho-k therapy (AL \u22120.27 (\u22120.38, 0.16), p&lt;0.05; SE 0.76 (0.23, 1.31), p&lt;0.05). The cumulative probability ranking suggested that RLRL therapy was the most effective intervention in slowing AL, followed by 0.01% atropine+Ortho-k, Ortho-k and 0.01% atropine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This network meta-analysis provides evidence that RLRL, 0.01% atropine, Ortho-k and 0.01% atropine+Ortho-k are all effective in suppressing myopia progress. In terms of long-term treatment efficacy in slowing AL and SE procession, RLRL was the most effective intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2025-327366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T13:20:25Z","timestamp":1751548825000},"page":"1215-1220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Efficacy comparison of atropine, orthokeratology and repeated low-level red-light therapy for myopia control in children: a systematic review and network meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6136-835X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zetong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology\uff06Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Blinding Eye Diseases, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongxin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology\uff06Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Blinding Eye Diseases, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012223102372000_109.11.1215.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00231-4","article-title":"Myopia","volume":"6","author":"Baird","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2026012223102372000_109.11.1215.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006"},{"key":"2026012223102372000_109.11.1215.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dong L , Li Y , et al . prevalence and time trends of myopia in children and adolescents in China: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. 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