{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:17:08Z","timestamp":1791559028054,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants with a birth weight (BW)&gt;1500 g or gestational age (GA) &gt;32 weeks in Turkiye.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective cohort study (TR-ROP 2) was conducted in 80 neonatal intensive care units between 30 September 2023 and 1 November 2024. Infants with a BW &gt;1500 g or GA &gt;32 weeks who had an unstable clinical course or were deemed at risk for ROP were included. The effect of medicolegal concerns on the decision to screen was also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 4140 infants at risk for ROP development; 242 (5.8%) developed any stage of ROP, and 17 (0.4%) developed severe ROP requiring treatment. Risk factors independently associated with ROP included lower GA and BW, being small for GA, red blood cell transfusion, oxygen therapy &gt;5\u2009days, mechanical ventilation &gt;1\u2009day, early neonatal sepsis (ENS) with comorbidities or presence of \u22653 comorbidities (excluding ENS). Of those with BW \u22652000\u2009g, 31.4% were screened for medicolegal reasons; 2.2% developed ROP, but none had severe ROP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ROP in mature infants is rare but can occur in the presence of multiple risk factors. Medicolegal concerns may contribute to overscreening. Developing evidence-based, risk-adapted screening guidelines is essential to ensure appropriate care without unnecessary interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2025-327674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T18:20:20Z","timestamp":1767982820000},"page":"929-935","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of the frequency, risk factors and outcomes of ROP in preterm infants with a BW &gt;1500 g or GA &gt;32 weeks in Turkiye (TR-ROP 2) and medicolegal fears: a Turkish Neonatal Society multicentre study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1329-2167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet Yagmur","family":"Bas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3898-9857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esin","family":"Koc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5124-4422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sezin","family":"Unal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5044-9071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibrahim Murat","family":"Hirfanoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.21-4-e249"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.2","unstructured":"Sun YE , Hellstr\u00f6m A , Smith LE . Retinopathy of prematurity. In: Martin RJ , Fanaroff AA , eds. Fanaroff and Martin\u2019s neonatal perinatal medicine: Diseases of the Fetus and Infant. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders, 2025: 2064\u201372."},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311789"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpeds.2024.100159","article-title":"Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP): From the perspective of the neonatologist","volume":"8","author":"Koc","year":"2024","journal-title":"Global Pediatrics"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1159\/000541053","article-title":"Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Treatment Requiring Retinopathy of Prematurity in Big Premature Infants in Turkiye: Report No. 1 (BIG-ROP Study)","volume":"247","author":"\u00d6zdek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2024.102967","article-title":"Global Prevalence and Severity of Retinopathy of Prematurity over the Last Four Decades (1985-2021): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"55","author":"Garc\u00eda","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.7","unstructured":"Devaskar SU , Janzen C , Calkins KL , et al . Fetal growth restriction: a complex interplay between the intrauterine and maternal environment. In: Martin RJ , Fanaroff AA , eds. Fanaroff and Martin\u2019s Neonatal Perinatal Medicine: Diseases of the Fetus and Infant. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders, 2025: 259\u201373."},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.618236","article-title":"Consensus Approach for Standardizing the Screening and Classification of Preterm Brain Injury Diagnosed With Cranial Ultrasound: A Canadian Perspective","volume":"9","author":"Mohammad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.9","unstructured":"Cizmeci MN , Janzen C , Vries LS . Intracranial hemorrhage and stroke in the neonate. In: Martin RJ , Fanaroff AA , eds. Fanaroff and Martin\u2019s neonatal perinatal medicine: Diseases of the Fetus and Infant. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders, 2025: 1033\u201358."},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197801000-00001"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.05.031"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.121.12.1684"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-310005"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-3180.2014.1322544"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.23933","article-title":"German Neonatal Network, the Norwegian Neonatal Network Investigators, and the Infection, Inflammation, Immunology and Immunisation section of the European Society for Paediatric Research. Neonatal sepsis episodes and retinopathy of prematurity in very preterm \u0131nfants","volume":"7","author":"Glaser","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2019-316976"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.17","first-page":"4","article-title":"Oxygen injury in neonates: which is worse? hyperoxia, hypoxia, or alternating hyperoxia\/hypoxia","volume":"7","author":"Mohamed","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Lung Pulm Respir Res"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0234266","article-title":"Effect of red blood cell transfusion on the development of retinopathy of prematurity: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2507","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16965","article-title":"Erythrocyte transfusions are associated with retinopathy of prematurity in extremely low gestational age newborns","volume":"112","author":"Glaser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311576"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759742","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.759742","article-title":"Beyond Fetal Immunity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Antenatal Corticosteroids and Retinopathy of Prematurity","volume":"13","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.11.003","article-title":"Clinical Models and Algorithms for the Prediction of Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology","volume":"123","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1079290","article-title":"Retrospective validation of G-ROP, CO-ROP, Alex-ROP, and ROPscore predictive algorithms in two Chinese medical centers","volume":"11","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"2026072202101940000_110.8.929.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-320738"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjo-2025-327674","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T01:47:48Z","timestamp":1784771268000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjo.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjo-2025-327674"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjo-2025-327674"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo-2025-327674","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1161","1468-2079"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1161","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2079","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]}}}