{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T18:36:38Z","timestamp":1775673398389,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"BMJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82301225"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82301225"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To quantify the regional ischaemic index (ISI) in eyes with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and to determine its correlation with macular oedema (ME).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective study, ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography was performed in 46 eyes with RVO. The retinal ISI was calculated for the perimacular area (PMA), near-peripheral area (NPA), mid-peripheral area (MPA), and far-peripheral area (FPA), each further divided into superior-inferior and nasal-temporal segments. Central macular thickness (CMT) was measured with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Associations between regional ISI and CMT were analysed using Spearman\u2019s correlation and linear regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>46 eyes of 46 RVO patients were enrolled. Mean CMT was 453.73\u00b1301.48\u2009\u00b5m. ISI in the S-NPA (superior NPA) strongly correlated with that in the I-NPA (inferior NPA) (r=0.53, p&lt;0.001); a moderate correlation was observed between S-MPA (superior MPA) and I-MPA (inferior MPA) (r=0.32, p=0.03). Linear regression showed that S-NPA ISI predicted I-NPA ISI (B=0.54, p&lt;0.001) and S-MPA ISI predicted I-MPA ISI (B=0.42, p=0.004). Among regions, PMA (r=0.31, p=0.04), I-NPA (r=0.35, p=0.02) and I-FPA (inferior FPA) (r=0.33, p=0.048) significantly correlated with CMT. Linear regression identified that PMA ISI (B=0.32, p=0.03) and I-NPA ISI (B=0.42, p=0.007) could independently predict increased CMT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ME severity in RVO was correlated with PMA and I-NPA ischaemia. Moreover, these specific regional ISI values could independently predict CMT, highlighting potential targets for personalised therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2025-328120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T17:20:22Z","timestamp":1775668822000},"page":"bjo-2025-328120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Regional-specific retinal ischaemic index guided by ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography correlates with macular oedema in retinal vein occlusion"],"prefix":"10.1136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0228-2068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bingyu","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yijing","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lujia","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1911-6930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaochong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Medical Center, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3182870c15"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.01.058"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.09.019"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joco.2016.04.001","article-title":"Ultra-wide-field imaging in diabetic retinopathy; an overview","volume":"28","author":"Ghasemi Falavarjani","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Curr Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000937"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.05.034","article-title":"Quantitative Ultra-Widefield Angiography and Diabetic Retinopathy Severity: An Assessment of Panretinal Leakage Index, Ischemic Index and Microaneurysm Count","volume":"126","author":"Ehlers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2013.01.007"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-023-06343-3","article-title":"Relationship between ischemic index, leakage index, and macular edema in branch retinal vein occlusion","volume":"262","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.03.060","article-title":"Therapies for Macular Edema Associated with Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology","volume":"124","author":"Ehlers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.10.013","article-title":"Therapies for macular edema associated with central retinal vein occlusion: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology","volume":"122","author":"Yeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(86)33651-0","article-title":"Argon laser photocoagulation for macular edema in branch vein occlusion","volume":"93","author":"Finkelstein","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.01.010"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000148"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79522-5","article-title":"Relationship between distribution and severity of non-perfusion and cytokine levels and macular thickness in branch retinal vein occlusion","volume":"11","author":"Ryu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2020.102129","article-title":"Retinal nonperfusion in optical coherence tomography angiography","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3278","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-23796","article-title":"Ultra-Wide-Field Fluorescein Angiography-Guided Normalization of Ischemic Index Calculation in Eyes With Retinal Vein Occlusion","volume":"59","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1985.01050120030015"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.234"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.233"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-309749"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.21","first-page":"858","article-title":"Peripheral retinal non-perfusion and treatment response in branch retinal vein occlusion","volume":"9","author":"Abri Aghdam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2017.313","article-title":"Laws of physics help explain capillary non-perfusion in diabetic retinopathy","volume":"32","author":"Stef\u00e1nsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311475"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720564","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.720564","article-title":"Association of Subregional Quantitative Ultra-widefield Fluorescence Angiography Characteristics With the Occurrence of Diabetic Macular Edema and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.25","first-page":"877","article-title":"Laser treatment and the mechanism of edema reduction in branch retinal vein occlusion","volume":"41","author":"Arnarsson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2019.05.034","article-title":"Potential antiedematous effects of intravitreous anti-VEGF, unrelated to VEGF neutralization","volume":"24","author":"Behar-Cohen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-024-02166-y","article-title":"Baicalin alleviates the injury of human retinal pigment epithelium cells and improves branch retinal vein occlusion in rats by inhibiting the HIF-1\u03b1\/VEGFA axis","volume":"29","author":"Qin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.09.034"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-318726"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2020.3018464","article-title":"Imaging Features of Vessels and Leakage Patterns Predict Extended Interval Aflibercept Dosing Using Ultra-Widefield Angiography in Retinal Vascular Disease: Findings From the PERMEATE Study","volume":"68","author":"Moosavi","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"2026040810200960000_bjo-2025-328120v1.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.3109\/08820538.2015.1095304","article-title":"Assessment of Ischemic Index in Retinal Vascular Diseases Using Ultra-Wide-Field Fluorescein Angiography: Single Versus Summarized Image","volume":"32","author":"Franco-Cardenas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjo-2025-328120","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T17:20:24Z","timestamp":1775668824000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjo.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjo-2025-328120"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjo-2025-328120"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo-2025-328120","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1161","1468-2079"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1161","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2079","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]]}}}