{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T13:54:37Z","timestamp":1788875677060,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundation of Nankai University Eye Institute","award":["NKYKK202208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NKYKK202208"]}]},{"name":"open project of institute of optometry and vision science in Nankai university","award":["NKSGY202405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NKSGY202405"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Eye Hospital technology foundation","award":["(YKPY2206)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(YKPY2206)"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Nature science Foundation","award":["21JCYBJC01860"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21JCYBJC01860"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Medical Discipine (Specialty) Construction Project","award":["TJYXZDXK-016A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TJYXZDXK-016A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the motor and sensory outcomes and quality of life (QOL) of augmented medial rectus recession (aMRc) and botulinum toxin A (BTXA) therapy in acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) treatment and to investigate the predictors of recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a prospective, non-randomised clinical trial that enrolled 63 AACE patients with a disease course of 6 months to 2 years and deviation angles of 15 to 60 prism diopters. The patients were assigned to BTXA (n=31) and aMRc group (n=32). We compared and analysed the deviation angles, fusion amplitudes (FA) of convergence and divergence, stereopsis, and scores of QOL and diplopia between the two groups before treatment and at 2, 4, 6 and 12 months post-treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both groups exhibited significant improvements in motor and sensory outcomes. The aMRc group showed more stable and satisfactory deviation than the BTXA group at 6 and 12 months post-treatment, with a significant increase in divergent FA. The aMRc group achieved a higher success rate (93.75%) than the BTXA group (64.52%) 1 year post-treatment. QOL improved significantly in both groups after treatment, except for reading function in the BTXA group. Compared with the BTXA group, the aMRc group showed greater improvements in self-perception, general function, and diplopia scores (p&lt;0.05). Survival analysis revealed a significant difference between the two groups (p=0.0046). Treatment method and convergent FA at near before treatment were identified as recurrence predictors (p=0.023\u2009and 0.025).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Augmented MRc treatment was superior to BTXA injection in AACE patients with courses &gt;6 months during 1-year observation, particularly in maintaining alignment, eliminating diplopia and improving divergent FA and QOL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ChiCTR2300068735.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2025-328201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T08:25:41Z","timestamp":1759307141000},"page":"337-344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Augmented medial rectus recession versus botulinum toxin therapy for acute acquired comitant esotropia: analysis of outcomes and recurrence predictors"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2430-4565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yueping","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology andVision Science, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9117-982X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tengyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology andVision Science, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7365-4716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology andVision Science, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 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